Akademia : https://akademia.my.id

SMAKELASXI
BahasaInggris
TingkatLanjut
KEMENTERIANPENDIDIKAN, KEBUDAYAAN, RISET,DANTEKNOLOGI
BADAN STANDAR, KURIKULUM, DANASESMENPENDIDIKAN
PUSATPERBUKUAN
Rida Afrilyasanti
22960049_BAHASA INGGRIS TINGKAT LANJUT SMA KLS XI_RM-01-02_R1.pdf

Hak Cipta pada Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia
Dilindungi Undang-Undang
Disclaimer: Buku ini disiapkan oleh Pemerintah dalam rangka pemenuhan kebutuhan buku
pendidikan yang bermutu, murah, dan merata sesuai dengan amanat dalam UU No. 3 Tahun 2017.
Buku ini digunakan secara terbatas pada Sekolah Penggerak. Buku ini disusun dan ditelaah oleh
berbagai pihak di bawah koordinasi Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset dan Teknologi.
Buku ini merupakan dokumen hidup yang senantiasa diperbaiki, diperbaharui, dan dimutakhirkan
sesuai dengan dinamika kebutuhan dan perubahan zaman. Masukan dari berbagai kalangan
yang dialamatkan kepada penulis atau melalui alamat surel [email protected] diharapkan
dapat meningkatkan kualitas buku ini.
Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut
untuk SMA Kelas XI
Penulis
Rida Afrilyasanti
Penelaah
Emi Emilia
Windy Hastasasi
Penyelia/Penyelaras
Supriyatno
E. Oos M. Anwas
Emira Novitriani Yusuf

Ilustrator
Yol Yulianto
Penyunting
Raden Safrina Noorman
Made Ayu Utami Chandra Dewina
Penata Letak (Desainer)
Kiata Alma Setra
Penerbit
Pusat Perbukuan
Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan
Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi
Komplek Kemendikbudristek Jalan RS. Fatmawati, Cipete, Jakarta Selatan
https://buku.kemdikbud.go.id
Cetakan pertama, 2021
ISBN 978-602-244-862-4 (no.jil.lengkap)
ISBN 978-602-244-863-1 (jil.1)
Isi buku ini menggunakan huruf Caladea 12/16 pt, Carolina Giovagnoli and Andrés Torresi
xiv, 202 hlm.: 17,6 x 25 cm.
22960049_BAHASA INGGRIS TINGKAT LANJUT SMA KLS XI_RM-01-02_R1.pdf

iii
Pusat Perbukuan; Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan;
Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi sesuai tugas dan
fungsinya mengembangkan kurikulum yang mengusung semangat merdeka
belajar mulai dari satuan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Pendidikan Dasar, dan
Pendidikan Menengah. Kurikulum ini memberikan keleluasaan bagi satuan
pendidikan dalam mengembangkan potensi yang dimiliki oleh peserta didik.
Untuk mendukung pelaksanaan kurikulum tersebut, sesuai Undang-Undang
Nomor 3 Tahun 2017 tentang Sistem Perbukuan, pemerintah dalam hal ini Pusat
Perbukuan memiliki tugas untuk menyiapkan Buku Teks Utama.
Buku teks ini merupakan salah satu sumber belajar utama untuk digunakan
pada satuan pendidikan. Adapun acuan penyusunan buku adalah Keputusan
Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 958/P/2020
tentang Capaian Pembelajaran pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Pendidikan
Dasar, dan Pendidikan Menengah. Sajian buku dirancang dalam bentuk
berbagai aktivitas pembelajaran untuk mencapai kompetensi dalam Capaian
Pembelajaran tersebut. Penggunaan buku teks ini dilakukan secara bertahap
pada Sekolah Penggerak sesuai dengan Keputusan Menteri Pendidikan dan
Kebudayaan Nomor 162/M/2021 tentang Program Sekolah Penggerak.
Sebagai dokumen hidup, buku ini tentunya dapat diperbaiki dan
disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan. Oleh karena itu, saran-saran dan masukan
dari para guru, peserta didik, orang tua, dan masyarakat sangat dibutuhkan
untuk penyempurnaan buku teks ini. Pada kesempatan ini, Pusat Perbukuan
mengucapkan terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah terlibat dalam
penyusunan buku ini mulai dari penulis, penelaah, penyunting, ilustrator,
desainer, dan pihak terkait lainnya yang tidak dapat disebutkan satu per satu.
Semoga buku ini dapat bermanfaat khususnya bagi peserta didik dan guru
dalam meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran.
Jakarta, Desember 2021
Plt. Kepala Pusat,
Supriyatno
NIP 19680405 198812 1 001
Kata Pengantar

iv
Pada abad 21 ini, peserta didik dituntut untuk mampu mengikuti
perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Sebagai salah
satu upaya mempersiapkan peserta didik dengan tuntutan abad 21,
pemerintah menetapkan kurikulum yang menekankan pada pembelajaran
aktif dan berfokus kepada peserta didik aktif mencari informasi dari
berbagai sumber dengan memanfaatkan kecanggihan teknologi dan aktif
membagikan gagasan mereka. Untuk dapat mencari informasi, melakukan
penelitian dan inovasi mutakhir dengan memanfaatkan teknologi,
pemahaman bahasa sangatlah diperlukan. Di lain sisi, pemahaman
teknologi juga dapat mendorong kecakapan Bahasa Inggris. Kecakapan
bahasa Inggris dan kemampuan menggunakan teknologi memungkinkan
peserta didik untuk mengakses lebih banyak pengetahuan, menemukan
kolaborator global dan membagikan gagasan mereka kepada pemirsa/
pembaca yang lebih luas.
Sejalan dengan kebutuhan pemahaman bahasa peserta didik, buku ini
disusun dengan tujuan untuk menyediakan materi pembelajaran Bahasa
Inggris yang sejalan dengan Capaian Pembelajaran (CP) untuk Bahasa
Inggris Tingkat Lanjut, Fase F. Pada akhir fase, peserta didik diharapkan
mampu menggunakan teks lisan, tulis, dan visual dalam bahasa Inggris
untuk berkomunikasi sesuai dengan situasi, tujuan, dan pemirsa/
pembacanya. Peserta didik juga diharapkan mampu menggunakan bahasa
Inggris sederhana untuk berdiskusi dan menyampaikan keinginan/
perasaan, mengeksplorasi berbagai teks dalam berbagai macam topik
kontekstual, memahami teks secara mendalam, dan memproduksi teks
lisan dan tulis dalam bahasa Inggris yang terstruktur dengan kosakata
yang lebih beragam.
Berbagai jenis teks seperti naratif, eksposisi, dan diskusi menjadi teks
rujukan utama dalam mempelajari Bahasa Inggris di Fase F. Akan tetapi,
dalam buku Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut Kelas XI, materi-materi
Prakata

v
yang disajikan berfokus pada bentuk teks jenis naratif dan eksposisi.
Sedangkan materi-materi untuk jenis teks diskusi akan dipelajari pada
Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut Kelas XII. Selain itu, karena buku ini
ditujukan sebagai buku Bahasa Inggris tingkat lanjut, maka pelajaran
yang disajikan dalam buku ini bersifat pengayaan dari materi-materi
yang telah dipelajari dalam pelajaran Bahasa Inggris di kelas reguler. Oleh
karenanya, sebelum mempelajari buku ini, peserta didik diharapkan telah
menyelesaikan pembelajaran di kelas Bahasa Inggris reguler (Fase A-E).
Secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, kegiatan-kegiatan
pembelajaran dalam buku teks pelajaran ini juga memfasilitasi peserta
didik untuk dapat mengintegrasikan nilai–nilai karakter sebagaimana
yang termuat dalam Pro&#6684777;l Pelajar Pancasila, kecakapan abad 21, literasi,
HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills), dan keterampilan revolusi industry
4.0. Dalam menggunakan buku ini, guru diharapkan dapat memfasilitasi
kegiatan-kegiatan belajar peserta didik sesuai dengan keadaan
lingkungan sosial dan konteks mengajar. Selain itu, guru juga diharapkan
dapat memperkaya isi buku dengan mengkreasikan kegiatan-kegiatan
pembelajaran yang ada sesuai dengan kebutuhan belajar masing-masing
peserta didik.
Buku ini dapat tersusun berkat dukungan dari semua pihak. Oleh
karena itu, kami mengucapkan terimakasih kepada semua pihak yang
telah membantu dalam penyusunan buku ini. Terimakasih yang sebesar-
besarnya kami sampaikan kepada penelaah buku, Prof. Emi Emilia,
M.Ed.,Ph.D. dan Windy Hastasasi, M.Pd. serta pihak-pihak lain yang tidak
dapat kami sebutkan satu persatu. Di samping itu, kami menyadari bahwa
buku ini tentunya masih perlu untuk terus diperbaiki dan disempurnakan.
Oleh karena itu, saran, masukan dan kritik dari pembaca sebagai upaya
perbaikan dan penyempurnaan buku ini sangat diharapkan. Akhirnya,
kami berharap bahwa buku ini dapat memberikan manfaat bagi upaya
peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran di Indonesia.
Tim Penulis

vi
Tabel of Contents
Kata Pengantar ........................................................................... iii
Prakata .......................................................................................... iv
Tabel of Contents ....................................................................... vi
List of Picture .............................................................................. ix
Content Mapping ........................................................................ xi
Learning Instructions ............................................................... xiv
Unit 1 Legend .............................................................................. 1
A. My Initial Understanding ............................................................................... 2
B. Reading ................................................................................................................... 3
C. Listening ................................................................................................................ 15
D. Grammar Focus ................................................................................................... 24
E. Writing .................................................................................................................... 30
F. Speaking................................................................................................................. 37
G. Re&#6684780;ection............................................................................................................... 39
Unit 2 Fairy Tale ......................................................................... 41
A. My Initial Understanding ............................................................................... 42
B. Reading ................................................................................................................... 42
C. Listening ................................................................................................................ 53
D. Grammar Focus ................................................................................................... 62
E. Writing .................................................................................................................... 65
F. Speaking................................................................................................................. 68
G. Re&#6684780;ection............................................................................................................... 69

vii
Unit 3 Fantasy ............................................................................. 71
A. My Initial Understanding ............................................................................... 72
B. Reading ................................................................................................................... 72
C. Listening ................................................................................................................ 83
D. Grammar Focus ................................................................................................... 90
E. Writing .................................................................................................................... 94
F. Speaking................................................................................................................. 97
G. Re&#6684780;ection............................................................................................................... 99
Concluding Section 1 ................................................................ 101
A. Summary ............................................................................................................... 101
B. Enrichment ........................................................................................................... 105
C. Project ..................................................................................................................... 106
D. Formative Test ..................................................................................................... 109
Unit 4 Analytical Exposition Text ......................................... 117
A. My Initial Understanding .............................................................................. 118
B. Reading ................................................................................................................... 119
C. Listening ................................................................................................................ 131
D. Grammar focus .................................................................................................... 136
E. Writing ................................................................................................................... 139
F. Speaking ............................................................................................................... 143
G. Re&#6684780;ection............................................................................................................... 145
Unit 5 Hortatory Exposition Text .......................................... 147
A. My Initial Understanding .............................................................................. 148
B. Reading ................................................................................................................... 149
C. Listening ................................................................................................................ 160

viii
D. Grammar focus .................................................................................................... 163
E. Writing ................................................................................................................... 168
F. Speaking ............................................................................................................... 171
G. Re&#6684780;ection............................................................................................................... 173
Concluding Section 2 ................................................................ 175
A. Summary ............................................................................................................... 175
B. Enrichment ........................................................................................................... 177
C. Project ..................................................................................................................... 178
D. Formative Test ..................................................................................................... 181
Glossary ........................................................................................ 188
References ................................................................................... 192
Index .............................................................................................. 194
Pro&#6684777;l Pelaku Perbukuan ......................................................... 196

ix
List of Picture
Picture 1.1 Papua ....................................................................................................... 2
Picture 1.2 Komboi Rama Mountain .................................................................. 5
Picture 1.3 The stone ................................................................................................ 6
Picture 1.4. The structure of story organization ......................................... 12
Picture 1.5 Jambi Province ..................................................................................... 15
Picture 1.6. Snake ...................................................................................................... 18
Picture 1.7 The Legend of Crying Stone ........................................................... 29
Picture 1.8 Mind map for story elements ........................................................ 31
Picture 1.9 Character mapping ............................................................................ 31
Picture 1.10 Setting mapping ............................................................................... 32
Picture 1.11 Story plot mapping ......................................................................... 32
Picture 1.12 TV Talk Show ..................................................................................... 37
Picture 2.1 The Goose Girl 1 .................................................................................. 42
Picture 2.2 The Goose Girl 2 .................................................................................. 44
Picture 2.3 The castle ............................................................................................... 45
Picture 2.4 Ani The Goose Girl ............................................................................. 52
Picture 2.5 Puss in Boots 1 .................................................................................... 53
Picture 2.6 Puss in Boots 2 .................................................................................... 55
Picture 2.7 Venn Diagram ....................................................................................... 59
Picture 2.8 Fairy tale writing ................................................................................ 65
Picture 2.9 The Puppet Show ................................................................................ 68
Picture 3.1 The Wardrobe 1 .................................................................................. 72
Picture 3.2 The Wardrobe 2 .................................................................................. 73
Picture 3.3 Tumnus and Luci ................................................................................ 74
Picture 3.4 Susan, Susi, and Aslan ....................................................................... 77

x
Picture 3.5 Animal Farm ......................................................................................... 83
Picture 3.6 Napoleon ................................................................................................ 85
Picture 3.7 Venn Diagram ....................................................................................... 88
Picture 3.8 The Structure of Story Organization .......................................... 89
Picture 3.9 Infographic of Narrative Text ........................................................ 101
Picture 3.10 The structure of story organization ........................................ 102
Picture 3.11 Bawang Merah and Bawang Putih 1 ........................................ 111
Picture 3.12 Bawang Merah and Bawang Putih 2 ........................................ 112
Picture 4.1 Billboards with a vaccine tagline ................................................. 118
Picture 4.2 Vaccine Covid-19 ................................................................................ 122
Picture 4.3 unhealthy environment ................................................................... 131
Picture 5.1 A young lady wears a mask and uses hand sanitizer .......... 148
Picture 5.2 Health target welness road ............................................................ 160

xi
Content Mapping
UNIT 1 LEGEND
Linguistic Elements Skill Focus
Vocabulary: Traditions
and parts of narrative
texts
Grammar: Action verbs,
past tense, and sequence
words
Reading: Legends which include issue
around environmental awareness
Listening: Legends in the topics of
sacri&#6684777;ce, trust, and honesty
Writing: Drafting, writing a story lay
out and story planner, proofreading,
writing, revising, furnishing and
publishing
Speaking: Story presentation and
story analysis
UNIT 2 FAIRY TALE
Linguistic Elements Skill Focus
Vocabulary: Fantastic
forces
Grammar: Noun phrases,
and adverbs of time, place
and manner
Reading: Fairy tales which include
issues around self-concept and well-
being
Listening: Fairy tales in the topics of
ingenuity and right-wrong action
Writing: Drafting, writing a story lay out
and story planner, proofreading, writing,
revising, furnishing and publishing
Speaking: Storytelling

xii
UNIT 3 FANTASY
Linguistic Elements Skill Focus
Vocabulary: Impossible or
magic systems
Grammar: Adjective
clauses to adjective
phrases, and reported
speech
Reading: Fantasy story in the topics of
sacri&#6684777;ce, trust, and bravery
Listening: Fantasy story which include
issues around &#6684777;nancial literacy
Writing: Drafting, writing a story lay
out and story planner, proofreading,
writing, revising, furnishing and
publishing
Speaking: Inside-outside circle story
sharing and discussions
UNIT 4 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT
Linguistic Elements Skill Focus
Vocabulary: Cases and
phenomenon, elements of
analytical exposition
Grammar: Simple present
tense, relational processes,
causal conjunction or
nominalization, emotive
words and connectives
Reading: Analytical exposition texts in
the topics of library and deforestation
Listening: Analytical exposition in the
topic of Covid-19 Vaccine
Writing: Mind mapping, drafting,
proofreading, writing, revising,
furnishing and publishing
Speaking: Presentation

xiii
UNIT 5 HORTATORY EXPOSITION TEXT
Linguistic Elements Skill Focus
Vocabulary:
Social phenomenon and
technology
Grammar: Abstract noun,
modal adverb, temporal
connectives or time
connectives,
Reading: Hortatory exposition in the
topic of technology in classroom
Listening: Hortatory exposition which
includes issue around nutrition and
well-being
Writing: Mind mapping, drafting,
proofreading, writing, revising,
furnishing and publishing
Speaking: Presentation and discussion

xiv
Learning Instructions
Here are some suggestions on how you can use the book:
1. Read a speci&#6684777;c part of the book based on the instructions given by
your teacher. You can use the content mapping or the list of contents
as a guide.
2. Study the concepts provided in each unit. You can discuss with
your friends or ask your teacher if you &#6684777;nd some dif&#6684777;culties in
understanding the concept materials.
3. Highlight important information from each unit. You can write down
the most valuable lessons and information (in your own words) in
order to memorize the information better.
4. Do the activities provided in each unit.
5. Test your understanding of each unit by doing the ‘Formative
Assessment’ section.
6. Recap the unit you just have learned and re&#6684780;ect on your own learning
by answering the questions in the ‘Re&#6684780;ection section’.

Legend
After learning this unit, you are expected to be able to:
1. Identify the different characteristics of a legend, including social
functions and text structures.
2. Identify some of the linguistics features of a legend, namely: action
verbs, past tense, and sequence words.
3. Understand implicit and explicit information (main ideas and
detailed information) from the texts.
4. Rewrite a legend with an appropriate schematic structure and
linguistic features.
5. Present or retell the story in focus.
Unit
1
KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN, KEBUDAYAAN,
RISET, DAN TEKNOLOGI REPUBLIK INDONESIA, 2021
Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut
untuk SMA Kelas XI
Penulis : Rida Afrilyasanti, Anik Muslikah Indriastuti
ISBN : 978-602-244-863-1

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI2
A. My Initial Understanding
Look at the picture and discuss the following questions with a partner.
Remember to respect each other’s answer.
1. What island of Indonesia is shown in the picture?
2. What do you know about that area?
3. Do you know any legend from that area? Tell us about it.
4. Do you know any legend that are passed down in your area? Compared
to the area shown in the picture, is the legend in your area similar or
different?
There are different types of narrative texts, for instance: legend,
fairy tales, fantasy, myth, or romance. Narrative texts are generally
imaginative and aimed to entertain or amuse the readers. In this unit,
you are going to learn narrative text in the form of a legend.
Picture 1.1 Papua
U
SORONG
SORONG
S E L ATA N
MANOKWARI
TELUK
BINTUNI
FAK-FAK
KAIMAN
NABIRE PANIAIPUNCAK
J AYA
J AYA W I J AYA
YAHUKIMO
ASMAT
MIMIKA
TOLIKARA
PEGUNUNGAN
BINTANG
MAPPI
BOVEN
DIGUL
MERAUKE
KEEROM
JAYAPURA
SARMIWAROPEN
BIAK NUMFOR
SUPORI
YAPEN
RAJA AMPAT
KOTA SORONG
KOTA JAYAPURA

Unit 1 | Legend3
B. Reading
Activity 1
Have you ever read a legend? What is it about? Can you identify
the elements of a legend? In order to help you understand a
legend, let’s learn some of the literary words below.
Characterization
a description or the distinctive nature or feature
(it can be physical, emotional, mental and social
qualities) of someone or something to distinguish
one individual from another.
Setting
the time and place when or where the story takes
place.
Plot the sequence of events that make up a story.
Orientation
introduction to the characters, setting and
directions of the story.
Complication struggles or problems faced by the characters.
Climax
the peak point of the problem or the highest point
of tension in the story.
Resolution the end of the story.
Moral the lesson that story teaches to the readers.
As a type of the narrative text, a legend also has elements such as
characters, characterization, setting, plot, and moral value. The plots or
structures of a narrative text include orientation, complication, climax as
well as resolution, and sometimes explicitly contains moral values called
coda.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI4
Activity 2
Before reading a legend, let’s learn some vocabulary from the
story. Study the bold typed words and their meanings.
Vocabulary Items of The Legend of the Holy Stone
Sago = edible starch
obtained from a particular
tree growing in freshwater
swamps in Southeast Asia.
Kamboi Rama was a residence for
Kamboi people, and Aroempu was
a sago plantation owned by God
Iriwonawani.
Tifa = a traditional wooden
tubular-shaped musical
instrument that is originated
from Maluku and Papua.
Whenever the tifa sounded, all
Kamboi people would gather at
Aroempu.
Holy = sacred or dedicated to
God or a religious purpose.
On the mountain, Irimiami and
Isoray &#6684777;nally told the people
about the stone, which they called
‘the holy stone.’
Chanted = said or shouted
repeatedly in a singsong
tone.
All the people chanted and
danced around the holy stone,
worshipping it and passing
Irimiami’s and Isoray’s story of
&#6684777;nding the stone.
Worship = show a strong
feeling and adoration for God
The stone has become a sacred
stone that they worship annually.
Practice
Work in pairs. Pick two or three questions to discuss with your
partner. Ask and answer each other’s questions. Include the
words in bold for your answer.
1. Are there any holy items from the place of your origin? What are they?
2. Tifa is a traditional musical instrument in Indonesia, what do you
know about it? Are there any difference with the traditional musical
instruments from your area?

Unit 1 | Legend5
3. What is sago for in the Indonesian culture?
4. How do you maintain the tolerance in worshiping and praying?
5. Have you ever seen people chanting? What it is for?
Activity 3
Now, read a legend entitled ‘The Legend of the Holy Stone.’ While
reading, pay attention to the characters and the events told in
the story.
The Legend of The Holy Stone Title
A Long time ago, up on the Kamboi Rama mountain, there
were two villages, Kamboi Rama and Aroempu. Kamboi Rama
was a residence for Kamboi people, and Aroempu was a sago
plantation owned by God Iriwonawani, who also owned a
tifa. Whenever the tifa is played, the Kamboi people would
gather. Every day, the Kamboi women would go to Aroempu
to cut sago for their meals. As time passed by, the sago trees
were becoming scarcer. God Iriwonawani got really angry, “Get
out of here! Don’t just cut but sow and plant!” Because they
were scared, the Kamboi people moved to the coastal area and
named themselves Randuayaivi. However, upon the mountain,
there still lived a couple of husband and wife, Irimiami and
Isoray.
Orientation
Picture 1.2 Komboi Rama Mountain

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI6
The Legend of The Holy Stone Title
One day, on their way home after a hunt in the jungle, being
tired, Irimiami and Isoray decided to rest. Irimiami sat on the
ground leaning on a tree. Meanwhile, Isoray was still &#6684777;nding a
place to sit. She saw a large stone and thought that it would be
comfortable to sit on. As she sat, all of a sudden, Isoray shouted
and jumped off the stone. “Ouch! The stone is so hot that I
almost got burned!” Isoray cried. “What is it, dear?” Irimiami
who almost fell asleep immediately stood up, startled by his
wife’s screams. “I don’t know what happened either, but this
stone feels really hot.” answered Isoray in panic.
A short time later, in their astonishment, smoke came out
of that stone. Curious, Irimiami tried to sit on that stone. “Ouch!
It’s really hot!” he shouted. Becoming more curious, the couple
decided to test the stone’s heat. “How if we put this venison on
that stone?” said Irimiami. “Let’s just try, dear,” answered
Isoray. Exquisite smells came from the burning meat. As it was
ready, they ate them up. “What a delicious piece of meat” or
“This meat is so delicious,” Irimiami said happily. Unsatis&#6684777;ed
with what they had found, they continued testing the stone.
“Let’s try to put these bamboo stems,” said Isoray. “Let’s try
these grass and leaves,” Irimiami added. “How about that
timber!” shouted Isoray. Day by day, they kept on testing the
stone.
One bright day, they gathered more grasses and put them
on the stone. The grasses burned quickly and spread to the
surrounding plants, the &#6684777;re
got bigger. They started to
panic. “My husband, we’ve
burned this place.” Isoray
cried in fear. “It’s a big disaster
and we can’t stop. Let’s meet
God Iriwonawani for help,”
said Irimiami in tremble. They
ran to God Iriwonawani.
“My Lord, please help us put
out the &#6684777;re,” begged them. “Well, I shall help on the condition
that you stop that harming act of yours,” said the God.
Complication
Picture 1.3 The stone

Unit 1 | Legend7
The Legend of The Holy Stone Title
“We promise, my Lord,” they said. With a magical power, the
&#6684777;re could &#6684777;nally be stopped.
Nevertheless, it seemed that they had not learned from
their mistakes. They kept on testing the stone, until one day
they started a really big &#6684777;re that did not stop for seven days and
nights. They were really terri&#6684777;ed and could not do anything
but asked God Iriwonawai for help.
Finally, the sounds of the tifa were heard again after a
long time. All Randuayaivi people ran to Kamboi mountain,
witnessed the burning forest which was again successfully
extinguished by God Iriwonawani. On the mountain, Irimiami
and Isoray &#6684777;nally told the story of ‘the holy stone.’
The following day, all Randuayaivi people came back to the
mountain bringing food items. All those food items were put
on the holy stone and the traditional feast took place for three
days and nights. All the people chanted and danced around
the holy stone, worshipping it and passing the holy stone
story. People of Papua, particularly those of the Yapen islands,
sanctify the &#6684777;re stone hitherto. The stone has become a sacred
stone that they worship annually.
source: http://ceritarakyatnusantara.com/en/folklore/59-the-legend-of-the-holy-stone
Resolution
Activity 4
Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.
Access and retrieve
1. What is the legend about?
a. Problems encountered by Irimiami and Isoray in Kamboi Rama
Mountain.
b. Irimiami’s and Isorays’ struggles to introduce and glorify the holy
stone.
c. The discovery of a stone that marks a traditional feast in Papua.
d. The story of a husband and wife in overcoming a big forest &#6684777;re.
e. The story of a husband and wife in &#6684777;nding a sacred stone.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI8
2. What kind of persons are Irimiami and Isoray?
a. Probing
b. Shameless
c. Ambitious
d. Self-centered
e. Hardworking
3. The tone used during the time God Iriwonawani answered the couple’s
begging to stop the &#6684777;re is best described as …
a. wise
b. lenient
c. angry
d. imperious
e. sympathetic.
Integrate and interpret
4. How did Irimiami and his wife &#6684777;nally learn from things that happened
to them?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
5. There is a saying, ‘Curiosity killed the cat, but satisfaction brought
it back.’ It means that being curious can sometimes lead someone
to danger or misfortune, but it may also lead them to satisfaction
because they manage to &#6684777;nd what they’re searching for. How does
this saying apply to the legend of the holy stone?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
Re&#6684780;ect and evaluate
6. What would you do if you were Irimiami or Isoray? Why would you
do that?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
7. What do you learn from Irimiami’s and Isoray’s curiosity?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
8. Have you ever been really curious about things? How did you handle
it? Did it bring you good or bad things?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________

Unit 1 | Legend9
Activity 5
Which part of the legend do you like best? In order to ensure
your understanding, match the paragraphs with the main ideas.
Paragraphs Main Ideas
1 a couple left on Kamboi Rama mountain
2 how Kamboi people earned foods
3 the discovery of the holy stone
4 the &#6684777;re
5-6 the feast
7-9 God Iriwonawani’s anger
10-12 Irimiami’s and Isoray’s curiosity
13-14 villages in Kamboi Rama mountain
Activity 6
Now, learn about the story structures. Reread ‘The Legend of
The Holy Stone.’ Answer the questions provided in the table with
details from the story and highlight the expressions.
Structures Text Language Features
Orientation:
• Who are the
characters?
• When did the
story take
place?
A long time ago, Kamboi Rama
mountain, there were two villages,
Kamboi Rama and Aroempu.
Kamboi Rama was a residence for
Kamboi people, and Aroempu was
a sago plantation owned by God
Iriwonawani, who also owned a
tifa. Whenever the tifa sounded, all
Kamboi people would gather. Every
Highlight the
expressions to
show:
• Characters
(E.g.: ....a sago
plantation
owned by God
Iriwonawani,
who also
owned a tifa.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI10
Structures Text Language Features
• Where did
the story take
place?
• How did the
story start?
day, the Kamboi women would go
to Aroempu taking sago for their
meals. As time passed by, the sago
trees were becoming scarcer. God
Iriwonawani got really angry, “Get
out of here! Don’t just take but sow
and plant!” Being scared, Kamboi
people migrated to the coastal area
and named themselves Randuayaivi.
However, upon the mountain, there
still lived a couple of husband and
wife, Irimiami and Isoray.
• Setting of time
(E.g.: long time
ago)
• Setting
of place
(E.g.: upon
Kamboi Rama
Mountain)
Find more.
Complication:
• What
happened
to the
characters?
• What
challenges
did the
characters
encounter in
the story?
Climax:
• What is
the biggest
problem in
the story?
One day, on their way home after
a hunt in the jungle, tired, Irimiami
and Isoray decided to rest. Irimiami
sat on the ground leaning on a tree.
Meanwhile, Isoray was still &#6684777;nding a
place to sit. She saw a large stone and
thought that it would be comfortable
to sit on it. As she sat, all of a sudden,
Isoray shouted and jumped off the
stone. “Ouch! The stone is so hot that
I almost got burned!” Isoray cried.
“What is it, dear?” Irimiami who
almost fell asleep immediately stood
up, startled by his wife’s screams. “I
don’t know what happened either, but
this stone feels really hot.” answered
Isoray in panic.
A short time later, in their
astonishment, wisps of smoke came
out of that stone. Being curious,
Irimiami tried to sit on that stone.
“Ouch! It’s really hot!” he shouted.
Becoming more curious, that couple
decided to test the stone’s heat.
“How if we put this venison on that
stone?” said Irimiami.
Highlight the
words to show:
• Sequence of
events (E.g.:
one day)
• Problems or
con&#6684780;icts (E.g.:
shouted and
jumped off,
cried)
Find more.

Unit 1 | Legend11
Structures Text Language Features
“Let’s just try, dear,” answered
Isoray. Exquisite smells came from
the burning meat. As it was ready,
they ate them up. “What delicious
meat,” Irimiami said happily. Still
being unsatis&#6684777;ed with what they had
found, they continued testing the
stone. “Let’s try to put these bamboo
stem on it,” said Isoray. “Let’s try
these grass and leaves,” Irimiami
added. “How about that timber!”
shouted Isoray. Day by day, they kept
on testing the stone.
One a bright day, they gathered
more grasses and put them on the
stone. The grasses burned quickly
and spread to the surrounding plants,
the &#6684777;re got bigger. They started to
panic. “My husband, we’ve burned
this place.” Isoray cried in fear. “It’s a
big disaster and we can’t stop it in our
own. So, let’s meet God Iriwonawani
for help,” said Irimiami in tremble.
They ran to God Iriwonawani. “My
Lord, please help us put out the &#6684777;re,”
begged them. “Well, I shall help
on the condition that you stop that
harming act of yours,” said the God.
“We promise, my Lord,” they said.
With magical power, the &#6684777;re could
&#6684777;nally be stopped.
Nevertheless, it seemed that they
had not learned from their mistakes.
They kept on testing the stone, until
one day they started a really big &#6684777;re
that did not stop for seven days and
nights. They were really terri&#6684777;ed and
could not do anything but asked God
Iriwonawai for help.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI12
Structures Text Language Features
Resolution:
• How did the
characters
solve the
problems?
• How was the
ending?
Coda:
• What did the
characters
learn?
• What do you
learn from
the story?
Finally, the sounds of the tifa
were heard again after a long time.
All Randuayaivi people ran to Kamboi
mountain, witnessed the burning
forest which was again successfully
extinguished by God Iriwonawani. On
the mountain, Irimiami and Isoray
&#6684777;nally told the story of ‘the holy
stone.’
On the following day, all
Randuayaivi people came back to the
mountain bringing food items. Those
food items were put on the holy stone
and the traditional feast took place
for three days and nights. All people
chanted and danced around the holy
stone, worshipping it and passing
the holy stone story. Since then, the
people of Papua, particularly those of
Yapen islands, sanctify the &#6684777;re stone.
The stone has become a sacred stone
that they worship annually.
Highlight the
expressions to
show:
• How the
problems
solved (E.g.:
&#6684777;nally)
• How the story
ends (E.g.:
since then)
Find more.
Copy the diagram of plot structure below into your notebook
Picture 1.4. The structure of story organization
Climax
What is the biggest problem in the story?
Complication/Con&#6684780;ict:
• What happened to the
characters?
• What challenges did the
characters meet in the story?
Resolution:
• How did the characters solve
the problems?
• How was the ending?
Orientation:
• Who are the characters?
• When and where did the
story take place?
• How did the story start?
Coda:
• What did the character
learn?
• What do you learn from
the story?

Unit 1 | Legend13
Activity 7
Read ‘The Legend of The Holy Stone’ again. Then, put these
events in order.
Years passed and the sago trees were becoming scarcer that
made God Iriwonawani furious.
Being curious, they put anything on the rock and let it burn
until one day they accidentally caused some forest &#6684777;res.
Daily, Kamboi Rama consumed sago which was taken from God
Aroempu plantation people.
In short, God Iriwonawani helped them extinguish the &#6684777;re and
since that day, people kept on worshiping the stone and called
it as “the holy stone”
Kamboi people left Kamboi Rama mountain and left a husband
and wife who insisted to stay there.
When Irimiami and Isoray were about to rest, they found a hot
&#6684780;at rock.
In the old days, there were Kamboi people who lived side by
side with God Iriwonawani.
Activity 8
Let’s have further discussion on one of the problems raised in the
legend you have read. State your opinion and have a discussion
with your partner.
1. Being curious of the holy stone, Irimiami and Isoray kept on testing
the stone until they set the forest on &#6684777;re several times. What do you
think about their actions?
2. The forest had been burned due to Irimiami’s and Isoray’s curiosity,
and that surely caused damage to the ecosystem. What actions can
you take to repair that damage?

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI14
Activity 9
Now you have read a legend, what do you think a legend is? What
characteristics differentiate a legend from other narratives?
You can make a study in your notebook to note down your
understanding on legend.
You have read and understood a legend entitled “The Legend of The
Holy Stone.” A legend is a traditional story that is popularly regarded
as historical yet unauthenticated. Some legends are the unique
property of the place or person that have become attached to some
particular person or place and passed down through generations.
Legends belong to narrative texts. As the characteristics of
narratives texts, legends consist of elements, such as characters,
settings, plots and certain language features. Plots or text structures
of a narrative text include orientation, complication and resolution
(Emilia, E., 2016). It also sometimes includes coda or the moral lesson
of the story. Furthermore, for the linguistics features of narrative
texts, we will discuss them gradually in the next lessons.

Unit 1 | Legend15
C. Listening
Activity 1
Before Listening: Look at the picture and answer the questions
about it.
1. What is circled in the map?
2. Do you know any legends coming from that area?
3. Find information about a legend from that area. Use books, the
Internet or ask people you know. Make notes about the legend.
4. Use your notes for a group discussion. Take turns to tell the others
about your &#6684777;nding.
5. Let’s check whether the legend you &#6684777;nd is similar to the legend
presented in the following section.
Picture 1.5 Jambi Province
PROVINSI JAMBI
JAMBI
PEKANBARU
MEDAN
PADANG
P. NIAS
P. SIMEULEU
KEP. MENTAWAI
P. BELITUNG
P. BANGKA
KEP. RIAU
PROVINSI BENGKULU
BENGKULU
PROVINSI RIAU
PROVINSI
KEPULAUAN RIAU
PROVINSI
BANGKA BELITUNG
PROVINSI
SUMATERA SELATAN
PALEMBANG
PANGKALPINANG
TANJUNGPINANG
PROVINSI
SUMATERA BARAT
PROVINSI
SUMATERA UTARA
MALAYSIA
SINGAPURA
PROVINSI ACEH
PROVINSI
LAMPUNG
BANDAR LAMPUNG
BANDA ACEH

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI16
Activity 2
In order to help you understand the story you will listen to, study
the bold typed words and their meanings. Then, make your own
sentences using these words and write them in your notebook.
Vocabulary Items of The Legend of N’daung Snake
Severe = very seriousOne day, the mother got a severe
pain that she could not move from
her bed.
Shaman = a person
who has special powers
to control the spirits
and discover as well as
treatment for illness.
The daughters called a shaman to
help them.
Serpent = a large snakeThen, it must be boiled in a magical
pot kept in a dark deep cave that was
guarded by a large mighty serpent
named N’daung.
Curse = a solemn utterance
intended to invoke a
supernatural power to
in&#6684780;ict punishment or
harm on someone.
He was cursed by his own uncle
to turn into a snake since his uncle
wanted to take over the power.
Ash = the powdery residue
left after the burning of a
substance.
Feeling jealous, while all of the people
already fell asleep, the &#6684777;rst and
second daughters took the prince’s
snake skin, burned it all, and put the
ash next to the youngest daughter.

Unit 1 | Legend17
Activity 3
Choose the correct words to complete this &#6684777;rst half of the story.
Circle your answer. Then, listen and check.
The Listening transcript is provided in the Teacher’s Book.
The Legend of N’daung Snake
Once upon a time, on the slopes of a mountain in Jambi province,
there lived a
1.
pour/poor mother and her three daughters. For their
living the mother and the youngest daughter had to work hard all day
long, while the &#6684777;rst and second daughters were lazy and did nothing.
One day, mother got such a severe pain that she could not move
from bed. Then, the daughters called a shaman. “Sir, please help us
heal our mother,” said the daughters. The shaman said, “Based on my
insight, your mom must be treated by a special
2.
&#6684780;our/&#6684780;ower that
grows at the top of the mountain. Then, it must be boiled in a magical
pot kept in a dark deep cave guarded by a large mighty serpent
named N’daung.” “But, according to the
3.
tale/tail, no one could ever
go back home save as the snake would swallow them whole,” warned
the Shaman. Hearing that, no one dared to go,
4.
accept/except for
the youngest daughter.
“I will go to the top of the mountain to get them from the snake,”
said the youngest daughter bravely. “Oh, we all will pray for you,
sister,” uttered the &#6684777;rst and the second daughters in relief. “You
really have a pure
5.
soul/sole. Go and get them, girl. But, you have
to be really careful. I will take care of your mother here,” said the
shaman. Without waiting any longer, the youngest daughter went
to the mountain. After three days of walking, she &#6684777;nally reached the
mountain peak. “Ah, that’s the
6.
&#6684780;our/ &#6684780;ower. I have to go really
quick,” said the youngest daughter. It was just in front of the cave
door. When she grabbed it and was about to put it inside her bag, she
heard a very loud snake hiss. Of course, she was scared to death.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI18
“Hiss... You are so brave to come to this place. Did you just
7.
steel/steal something from my place? You’ll surely be a perfect
breakfast. You have a nice
8.
scent/cent, so appetizing!” hissed
the snake horribly. “O magic snake, please, pardon me. I certainly
don’t dare to bother you, but my mom is seriously ill. I am here to
beg for only one flower and borrow your magic pot to treat my
mom,” the youngest daughter fell on her knees while crying.
Unexpectedly, the snake started to shed
tears, “What a nice girl. You risk yourself
coming here to treat your mom.” “That’s
right, o snake. I love her so much and I am
begging for your help,” she still could not
stop her tears. “Alright, I will let you bring
the &#6684780;ower and lend you my magic pot with
only one condition. You have to promise to
return here as your mother gets better and
stay here in this cave with me,” said N’daung snake. Because she loves
her mother, the youngest daughter nodded in an agreement, “Thank
you, o magic snake. I will certainly return to ful&#6684777;ll my promise.” The
youngest daughter then went back home, gave the &#6684780;ower and the
magic pot to the shaman, and immediately went back to the mountain.
Even though deep in her heart, she did not really want to go back.
Just then, the youngest daughter returned to the top of the
mountain in the middle of the night. To her surprise, she did not meet
N’daung snake but a well-built man. “Don’t be surprised. I am Prince
Abdul Rahman Alamsyah. I was cursed by my uncle and became a
snake. Every night I will return to my true form as a human and return
to be a snake as the sun rises,” said the prince. Meanwhile, when the
mother heard the story of the youngest daughter, she wanted to see
her. She asked her other childern to go to the top of the mountain.
In the middle of the night, the three of them could &#6684777;nally reach
the top of the mountain. How surprised they were to see the youngest
daughter with a very handsome man. The youngest daughter was
Picture 1.6. Snake

Unit 1 | Legend19
Activity 4
Answer the questions about “The Legend of N’daung Snake.”
Compare and discuss your answer with your friends.
1. Which of the following most accurately describes the legend?
a. The sincerity of a girl could save her family and a cursed snake.
b. N’daung snake was cursed and later saved by the girl.
c. The jealousy of the &#6684777;rst and second daughters that led them to
destruction.
d. The sel&#6684780;ess kindness of N’daung snake saved the poor mother’s
life.
e. The story of a poor mother’s struggle for her three daughters in
conquering N’daung snake.
2. The characterization of N’daung snake shows tendency to …
a. be emotional and introverted.
b. hide the secret of the curse possessed.
c. look &#6684777;erce behind the kindness of his heart.
d. ask for something in return for everything he did.
e. intimidate and rebuke anyone who approached him.
so happy to see her family and introduced them to the prince. The
youngest daughter told them the story of the prince. Feeling jealous,
while all of the people already fell asleep, the &#6684777;rst and second daughters
took the prince’s snake skin, burned it all, and put the ash next to the
youngest daughter. On the following day, when the prince could not
&#6684777;nd his snake skin but some ash next to the youngest daughter, he
thanked her. He was so happy because the curse was gone forever
as the snake skin was burned. Finally, the youngest daughter and the
prince were married and returned back to the kingdom. They lived
happily ever after.
Adapted from https://opac.perpusnas.go.id/DetailOpac.aspx?id=1169895

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI20
3. The legend shows that the youngest daughter struggled with...
a. her reluctance to take the medical ingredients from N’daung
snake.
b. the pressure from her two sisters to sacri&#6684777;ce herself for her
mother’s life.
c. the desire to save her mother’s life from the N’daung snake.
d. her heart’s desire not to return to N’daung snake.
e. the savagery and danger of N’daung snake.
4. Which sentence describes the moral values that can be learned from
the main character?
a. Never lose hope.
b. Dare to keep trying.
c. Always trying to be better.
d. Success requires effort and courage.
e. If there is a will there must be a way.
5. Decide whether the sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. Without hesitation the youngest daughter took a mission
to &#6684777;nd a cure for her mother’s recovery.
2. N’daung snake felt touched by the youngest daughter’s
story and was willing to help without any conditions.
3. The youngest daughter returned back to the peak of the
mountain along with the &#6684777;rst and second daughters as
well as their mother.
4. The young daughter could &#6684777;nally reveal that the snake
was actually a cursed prince.
5. With the help from the &#6684777;rst and second daughters, the
curse was &#6684777;nally broken.

Unit 1 | Legend21
Activity 5
Listen to the legend one more time. Can you identify the character
in the legend? Use a hyphen (-) to join two words. There are four
character names that need a hyphen (-).
1 2
3
4
5
Across
3. A poor and hard working
woman who got a severe pain
but &#6684777;nally could be cured.
4. A nice prince who was being
cursed, but &#6684777;nally got his luck.
5. A hardworking, brave and
sincere girl who is also
trustable.
Down
1. The second born daughter who
is lazy and easily jealous.
2. A lazy and spoiled &#6684777;rst-born
daughter.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI22
Now that you have identi&#6684777;ed the characters in the story, describe
character in your own word. Here are some tips to identify characters
in a story.
Activity 6
Listen again. Tick (√) the expressions for emphasizing the
sequence of the story you hear.
To start off with, Unexpectedly,
One day, Eventually,
Without waiting any longer, Finally,
immediately Suddenly,
...but then In her surprised,
Just then, Once upon a time,
On the following day, After that,
Use the STEAL steps.
Speech: pay attention to what the characters say, how they say it, their
tone, and their word choice.
Thoughts: have a closer look at what the characters think, what they
learn from their thoughts and ideas.
Effects: learn what the characters’ effect on others and how they
interact with other characters.
Actions: pay attention to what the characters do, how they behave,
and what we learn from their actions.
Looks: analyze how characters look like and what we learn from how
they present themselves to others.

Unit 1 | Legend23
Activity 7
Now, let’s identify the series of events unfolded in the legend you
have listened to. List the events according to parts of the story.
Look at the examples.
Activity 8
Work in pairs. Discuss these questions
Imagine that you are the youngest daughter in the a legend of N’daung
snake, would you also return to the top of the mountain and stay with the
snake? What is the reason of your choice? You can write down your answer
below or discuss it with a partner. Remember to respect each other’s
answer.
Orientation Complication Resolution
There lived poor
mother and her
three daughters.
....................................
....................................
....................................
....................................
The mother got a
severe pain.
.....................................
.....................................
.....................................
.....................................
......................................
The prince could
not &#6684777;nd his snake
skin but he thanked
the youngest
daughter.
....................................
....................................
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI24
D. Grammar Focus
Action Verbs & Past Tense
Let’s learn more about one of the language features in a legend. Reread
the complete story of ‘The Legend of N’daung Snake’ and underline the
verbs used in the story. List the verbs that you have found here.
Read the verbs that you have written in the column. Those verbs
express actions (whether it is physical or mental action). They explain
what the subject does. Therefore, they are called action verbs.
Reread the collections of verbs that you have found from the legend.
You might have found words, such as lived, worked, made, called, etc. They
are in the past form which mean the action in the sentence takes place in
the past. They are past tense. We use past tense for:
1. actions that happened at a speci&#6684777;c time in the past
for example:
One day, the mother got severe pain that she could not move from
her bed.
Once upon a time, on the slopes of a mountain in Jambi province, there
lived a poor mother and her three daughters.
2. a sequence of short actions
for example:
The youngest daughter then went back home, gave the &#6684780;ower and
the magic pot to the shaman, and immediately went back to the
mountain.
The &#6684777;rst and second daughters took the prince’s snake skin, burned
it all, and put the ash next to the youngest daughter.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Unit 1 | Legend25
Practice 1
Let’s have another practice. Complete the sentences in the table
with the past form of these words.
didn’t, weren’t, called, were, didn’t, were, did, were, call
Af&#6684777;rmative Question Negative
The &#6684777;rst
and second
daughters were
lazy.
X: ____ the &#6684777;rst and second
daughters lazy?
Y: Yes, they ____./No, they were
not.
The &#6684777;rst
and second
daughters ____
lazy.
Who ____ lazy?
The daughters
_____ a shaman.
X: Did the daughters _____ a
shaman?
Y: Yes, they did./No, they ____.
The daughters
_____ call a
shaman.
Who _____ call the Shaman?
Practice 2
Let’s learn more about past tense from a different story.
Complete the story with the words provided. Put the words into
the correct form and label the story structures.
wove, come, believe, live, get, call, help, come, learn, change, ask, turn
The Legend of Black Sea
Once, there was an old man who _____ (1) on the shore of
a beautiful sea. During the day, he would _____ (2) nets and
go sailing to catch &#6684777;sh at night. In his old days, he just lived
just with his dog named Boley and his evil black cat named
Serzhina.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI26
Sequence words
In a legend you have listened to, you also heard some words, which are
used to show time signals, such as:
1. Once upon a time,
2. One day,
3. Without waiting any longer,
4. After
Those words are called sequence words. Sequence words are used
to help the reader easily connect events in a story. There are many other
sequence words, can you mention them? Find out with a partner and
share them with the whole class.
Whenever the man _____ (3) Boley, he would
immediately _____ (4) and do everything he was asked to
do. While Serzhina just _____ (5) whenever the old man
called her for meals. Boley began to dislike Serzhina for she
did not _____ (6) as much as he did. The old man, however,
always told Boley that he _____ (7) in Serzhina’s goodness
and that she would ____ (8). One day, a disaster struck and
the old man ____ (9) both Boley and Serzhina to help. When
Serzhina did not help, the old man lost faith in Serzhina’s
goodness and threw her to the sea. The sea water ____ (10)
black, and since that day the &#6684777;sh being caught has gotten
less and less. The old man and Boley ____ (11) hungrier and
hungrier.
Until one day, the old man met a seagull who told him a
lesson. The old man &#6684777;nally _____ (12) that there is bad and
good in everybody. However, when we choose to look for
the goodness in everything, life will be &#6684777;lled with joy, just
like nets &#6684777;lled with &#6684777;sh.
Adapted from https://www.shortkidstories.com/story/legend-black-sea/

Unit 1 | Legend27
Please have a look at the chart below to learn more sequence words
in a story or text. Learn how sequence words are used in the story by
reading the sentences below.
1. Once upon a time, on the slopes of a mountain in Jambi province,
there lived a poor mother and her three daughters.
2. One day, the mother got such a severe pain that she could not move
from her bed.
3. Without waiting any longer, the youngest daughter immediately
went to the mountain.
4. After three days of walking, she &#6684777;nally reached the mountain peak.
Practice 1
Read the complete story of ‘The Legend of Snake N’daung’ and
write down more sequence words that you &#6684777;nd in the story.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI28
Practice 2
In order to understand more about sequence words, learn about
them from a different story. Understand the sequence of the
story and label the story structures.
The Legend of the Crying Stone
In the past, on a hill far from the country, there lived a
poor widow and her only daughter. Her daughter was
really beautiful, yet lazy. She did not want to help her
mother at all. Moreover, she was also really spoiled, her
mother must ful&#6684777;l whatever she wanted.
One day, the woman and her daughter went to the market.
The beautiful daughter wore her best clothes and walked
in front of her mother. She did not walk side by side with
her mother as she felt ashamed. Everyone looked at her
and was amazed by her beauty.
“Hi girl, you look so beautiful. Anyway, who is the old
woman behind you? Is she your mother? Why do you let
her bring such a heavy shopping basket?” asked the man.
“Oh my Gosh, of course she is not. She is just my maid and
it is her job to help me shop,” answered the daughter.
Every time she got such questions, she would respond the
same. Her mother just remained silent. However, hearing
that thing over and over again made the mother’s heart hurt.
Suddenly, the mother stopped and sat off the road, crying.
“Mom, why do you stop there? Let’s get going or we won’t
be home before midnight,” shouted the daughter.
The mother did not respond to her, she raised her hands
and prayed, “My Lord, please, forgive me for my inability
to educate this child. I’m willing if you punish this
disobedient child, Lord.”

Unit 1 | Legend29
Based on the legend above, list the chronology of the events in the story
and rewrite the story using sequence words provided.
1Once upon a time, _____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2One day, _________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3While, ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
The sky suddenly darkened, a huge lightning bolt struck,
and it started to rain. The daughter started to panic as she
could not move her leg, slowly her legs turned to stone
and continued to spread to other parts of his body. “Mom,
I am really sorry. Please, forgive me. Help me mom, help!
Help me, please.”
However, it was too late. There’s no point in regretting what
she did, her whole body had turned to stone. Surprisingly,
from the stone statue’s eyes, tears kept &#6684780;owing. That is
why, people called that statue, the crying stone.
https://indonesiar.com/indonesian-folklore-the-story-of-the-crying-stone/
Picture 1.7 The Legend of Crying Stone

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI30
4After that, ______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5A little later, _____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
6Then, ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
7Suddenly, _______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
8But then, _______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
9Eventually, ______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
E. Writing
Activity 1
Mind mapping the Story Elements
After reading and listening to different kinds of legends. It is time for you
to write a legend that you are familiar with. Before you rewrite a legend,
you need to learn some skills authors use in story writing. A story includes
characters and setting, and most stories include a series of events. The
events make up the story plot. In order to help you plan your writing,
use the mind maps below. Make similar mind maps in your notebook and
draft your story.
1. Decide on a legend that you want to rewrite. Read and understand the
story. It is better for you to read it from different sources and pick a
version that suits your interest. Write down all important information
or key details from the legend such as the main character, setting,
con&#6684780;ict, resolution and other key events.

Unit 1 | Legend31
2. Retell the character using the details on your own version. Complete
this mind map to introduce the characters in an interesting manner.
Detail
Setting
DetailDetail
Problem
Detail
Detail
Detail
Character
Detail
Detail
Detail
Detail
Detail
Topic of the
legend
Solution
Detail
Detail
Ending
Detail
DetailDetail
Detail
Problem
Picture 1.8 Mind map for story elements
Name
Habits
Twists
Desires
Character
Traits
Personal details
Description
Picture 1.9 Character mapping

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI32
3. Retell the setting using your own words and version. Plan exciting
descriptions of your setting by completing the mind map.
4. Jot down the events.
Picture 1.10 Setting mapping
Detail of the place
Settings
Time
Location
Mood
What do you see?
What do you smell?
What do you hear?
What do you feel?
NEXT
What events that
develop con&#6684780;ict?
AFTER THAT
How the problem
is solved?
THEN
What is the
biggest problem/
the highest
tension?
FIRST
What most important
event to begin your
story?
FINALLY
How is the ending?
Picture 1.11 Story plot mapping

Unit 1 | Legend33
Activity 2
Writing a Story Layout
After mind mapping, incorporate your ideas in a story planner.
STORY PLANNER
Orientation
• Introduce the main
characters
• Introduce the story
setting
• Develop the
characters and setting
....................................................
....................................................
....................................................
....................................................
....................................................
....................................................
....................................................
Use the
expressions to
show:
• Characters
• Setting of time
• Setting of place
Complication
(con&#6684780;ict)
• The events that lead
up to the con&#6684780;ict
• The con&#6684780;ict or
problems in the story
• The character’s
reactions to the
con&#6684780;icts
....................................................
....................................................
....................................................
....................................................
....................................................
....................................................
....................................................
...................................................
Use the
expressions to
show:
• Sequence of
events
• Problem or
con&#6684780;ict
Resolution
• How the problems are
solved
• How the story ends
………………………..................
………………………..................
………………………..................
………………………..................
Use the
expression to
show:
• Resolution
• Ending
Then, bring your notes from the story planner into a story layout. In
this step, you start your writing. You do not need to worry too much about
spelling and punctuation. Simply put your ideas into sentences. Here is an
example of a story layout. Read and understand this layout. Then, make
your own layout in your notebook.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI34
Orientation: Character and setting of Scene
Introduce the character and describe the time, place, and weather.
Tell what the main character was doing.
Once upon a time in a really small village there lived a poor widow
and her beautiful daughter. The daughter was very lazy and just spent
her whole day taking care of her body and beauty. No doubt, her
beauty was indeed incomparable. However, she was really lazy and
spoiled. The poor widow had to ful&#6684777;l whatever she wanted.
One &#6684777;ne day, the poor widow and her daughter went to the market.
The beautiful daughter wore her best clothes and walked in front of her
mom. Everyone who met them was amazed of the daughter’s beauty.
Complication: Development of the events
Describe the events in your story, the con&#6684780;icts or problems raised
and the character’s reactions to the problems.
That beautiful daughter was ashamed to admit that the old woman
walking behind her was her mother. Every time she was asked, “Who
is the old woman behind you? Is she your mom?” she would always
answer, “No, or course not. She is just my maid.”
For some time, the poor widow tried to hold on. Until she &#6684777;nally
felt really sad and could not hold it longer. She stopped and sat off
the road, crying. When her beautiful daughter asked her to continue
walking, she just remained in silence.

Unit 1 | Legend35
After you &#6684777;nish your draft, you need to reread your draft, revise or make
changes. Ask yourself these questions:
1. Are my ideas presented in order that makes the most sense?
2. Does my draft have orientation (introduction of the character and
setting), complication (problem), and resolution (the solution of the
problem)?
3. Does each paragraph connect to one another?
If your answer is “No” to any of the questions above, you need to
immediately revise. You can exchange your draft with your friends and
get feedback from peers and your teacher. Then, write your second draft
according to the given feedback, have another peer checking activity, then
revise and write the third draft.
Resolution: Ending
Describe how the problems were solved and the scene at the end
and mention the main character’s feelings.
Then, the old widow raised her hands and prayed, “My Lord, please
forgive me for my inability to educate this child. I’m willing if you
punish this disobedient child.” Unexpectedly, the sky suddenly
darkened, a huge lightning bolt struck. The daughter slowly turned to
stone. Surprisingly, from the stone statue’s eyes, tears kept &#6684780;owing and
people started to call that statue ‘the crying stone.’

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI36
Activity 3
Proofreading
Develop your draft into a well written story. Don’t forget to use sequence
words to make the sequence of events in your story run smoothly.
Once you are satis&#6684777;ed with the content of your writing, recheck the
grammar, usage, and mechanics. Have your friends help you read and
review your writing. Here are the proofreading checklists (√) that you
can use.
1. The story has an interesting title.
2. The setting and atmosphere have been introduced using a
descriptive language.
3. The character has been introduced interestingly.
4. What happened at the beginning of the beginning of the
story has been explained.
5. The story has interesting problem(s).
6. There are sequence words to order the events.
7. There is the use of action dialogue, and feeling to bring the
story to a close.
8. There is a balanced ending to the story.
9. There are no spelling and grammar errors in my writing.
10. Capitalization and punctuations are correctly used.
If you still &#6684777;nd some errors in your writing, you can immediately edit
and make &#6684777;nal corrections. Don’t forget to reread for the &#6684777;nal check. When
you do not &#6684777;nd any errors anymore, your writing is ready to publish.
Your Writing:
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Unit 1 | Legend37
F. Speaking
Activity 1
TV Talk Show: Meet the author
It is time to present your work. You will present your story in a TV talk
show activity discussing about the story that you have written. Work in
pairs and imagine that you are having a TV talk show. One of you will be
the talk show host and another one will be the guest. Study the example
of a conversation in a TV talk show below. Then, create your own dialogue
for a TV talk show with your partner and have your show in front of your
classmates.
Host :Hello Indonesians and hello the world! Welcome to “Meet the
Author” Show!
In this special day, we will be discussing about a very
interesting legend recounted by Alma Nadia entitled ‘The
Legend of Crying Stone.’ Without further ado, let’s have a
round of applause to our today’s author, Ms. Alma Nadia.
Welcome to “Meet the Author” Show, Ms. Nadia. Thank you
for being with us today. It is a pleasure to meet you today.
Guest : Thank you for having me here.
Picture 1.12 TV Talk Show

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI38
Host :Ms. Nadia, we are interested with your newest story entitled ‘The
Legend of a Crying Stone.’ Please tell us what the legend is about.
Guest :The legend occurred a long time ago in a small village in west
Kalimantan. It talks about a beautiful spoiled girl, who was
ashamed to admit her own mother until one day her mother
felt really sad. She prayed to God and begged him to punish
her daughter. At the end of the story, the girl &#6684777;nally got her
punishment, she turned into a stone statue whose eyes never
stopped shedding tears.
Host : What is the most interesting point of the legend?
Guest :Good question. I think the most interesting point is the
incident when a child refused to acknowledge her own
mother and when a mother asked God to punish her child.
Host :I agree with you. That part is also my favorite part of the
legend you wrote. Ms. Nadia, what moral value do you want
to convey through the story you wrote?
Guest :I would like to say that as a child, we must be obedient and
devoted to our parents. Don’t hurt your parents, either
through words or actions.
Host :Well, it’s time to wrap up the show. Thank you to our lovely
guest for joining us today. We have learned a lot from you
today. Again, thank you for your time. I hope you enjoy our
talk. So everyone, that’s all for today. Join us next week on
“Meet the Author” Show. I’m your host, Hiro Mahdi. Good day
everyone!
When you watch a friend’s TV Talk Show, &#6684777;ll in the following table to show
your understanding on the conversation that your friends are performing.
Story 1
Title
Setting
Characters
Problems
Solution
Interesting point of the story
Continue this note for all of the stories shared in your class.

Unit 1 | Legend39
Activity 2
Story Analysis
Reread your notes on your friends’ stories that you have made. Choose one
story to analyze. Tell the whole class what you think about that story. Here
are some questions that you can use as a pointer for your story analysis.
1. What is the title of the story?
2. How does the title relate to the content of the story?
3. What is the story about?
4. Who is the main character in the story?
5. How does the character develop the theme of the story?
6. When and where is the setting?
7. How does the setting affect the plot?
8. What is the con&#6684780;ict in the story?
9. How does the con&#6684780;ict develop the theme of the story?
10. What is the biggest problem in the story?
11. What can you learn from the story?
12. What do you like or don’t like from the story?
13. What are your favorite elements from the story?
14. Which part of the story do you like the most?
15. How does the story compare to other stories that you have ever read?
G. Re&#6684780;ection
After learning Unit 1, this is the time for you to self-re&#6684780;ect or look back at
your learning experience by answering the following questions. There is
no right or wrong answer. Just be honest.
1. On a scale from 1-5, how do you rate your understanding about
legend? Fill up the stars.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI40
CAN YOU?
2. Can you identify the characteristics of the legends you read or listen
to?
3. Can you identify past tense, action verbs and sequence words in the
legends you read or listen to?
4. Can you understand implicit and explicit information (main ideas and
detailed information) from texts that are read and listened to?
5. Can you rewrite a legend with an appropriate schematic structure
and linguistic features?
6. Can you present the story that you have written?
WHAT?
7. What values have you learned from this unit?
8. What is your favorite learning activity in this unit? Why?
9. What is your least favorite learning experience in this unit?
10. How does the material you have learned in this unit relate to real-
world situations and problems?
NOW WHAT?
11. What would you like to improve?
12. What do you want to learn more in the future?
13. In your daily life, how will you apply what you have already learned?

Fairy Tale
After learning this unit, you are expected to be able to:
1. Identify the different characteristics of a narrative text in the form
of fairy tale, including social functions and text structures.
2. Identify some of the linguistics features of a fairy tale, namely:
noun phrases, and adverbs of time, place and manner.
3. Understand implicit and explicit information (main ideas and
detailed information) from the texts.
4. Write a fairy tale with an appropriate schematic structure and
linguistic features.
5. Retell the written fairy tale in focus.
Unit
2
KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN, KEBUDAYAAN,
RISET, DAN TEKNOLOGI REPUBLIK INDONESIA, 2021
Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut
untuk SMA Kelas XI
Penulis : Rida Afrilyasanti, Anik Muslikah Indriastuti
ISBN : 978-602-244-863-1

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI42
A. My Initial Understanding
Look at the picture. What information can you get from the picture? Have
further discussions by responding to the following questions.
1. Are you familiar with fairy
tales?
2. Have you ever read a fairy
tale?
3. What do you know about fairy
tales?
4. What kind of fairy tale do you
like best? Why?
5. Have you ever read a story
about a princess?
6. Are you familiar with a story
titled ‘The Goose Girl’?
7. What do you think this story is going to be about? Mention some
words you expect to &#6684777;nd in it.
B. Reading
Activity 1
In order to help you understand the tale better, let’s learn the
vocabulary you will &#6684777;nd in it. Study the bold typed words and
their meanings.
Picture 2.1 The Goose Girl

Unit 2 | Fairy Tale43
Vocabulary Items of The Goose Girl
Gift = a natural ability or
talent
As Ani grew up, she learned of three
important gifts: people-speaking,
animal-speaking, and nature-speaking.
Alienate = to be
withdrawn or detached
from one’s society
However, bad things happened again,
on the way to Bayern, Ani began to feel
alienated by Selia.
Confronted = faced up
to and dealt with
Ani, then, tried to confront her mother
about this.
Identity = the fact of
being who or what a
person or thing is
Selia revealed her plan to take over
Ani’s identity as the princess and
seized power for herself.
Convinced = caused
someone to believe &#6684777;rmly
or persuade someone to
do something
The two decided that they could not
return to Kildanree and must try
and convince the king of Ani’s true
identity.
Practice
Let’s check whether you have really understood the words that
you have learned and use them in a certain context. Choose
the bold typed words from the table above to complete each
sentence.
1. She was ____ by all of her friends due to her wicked behaviors.
2. He could &#6684777;nally ____ them that the story was true.
3. She has kept her ____ hidden for ten years now.
4. She decided to ____ him with direct questioning.
5. Her beauty and stunning voice are all the God-given ____.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI44
Activity 2
Now, read the fairy tale titled ‘The Goose Girl.’ While reading,
pay attention to its parts. You can underline or highlight some
sentences that refer to those parts.
Structures Text Language Features
Orientation:Once upon a time, there lived a lovely
princess named Anidori Kiladra Talianna
Isilee, or Ani, who was born in the kingdom
of Kildenree. Ani had a strong relationship
with her aunt. Little Ani spent the &#6684777;rst years
of her life listening to her aunt’s stories and
learned how to converse with animals. As
Ani grew up, she gradually learned of three
important gifts:people-speaking, animal-
speaking, and nature-speaking. When her
aunt left from the kingdom, Ani’s mother,
the queen, forbade Ani from getting near
animals as she and the rest of Kildenree
were terri&#6684777;ed of animal-speakers.
Action Verbs:
Little Ani spent the
&#6684777;rst years of her life
listening to her aunt’s
stories and learned
how to converse with
animals.
Past Tense:
Once upon a time, there
lived a lovely princess
named Anidori Kiladra
Talianna Isilee, or Ani,
who was born in the
kingdom of Kildenree.
Sequence words:
Once upon a time,
years passed by, etc.
Noun Phrases:
a strong relationship,
the &#6684777;rst years of her
life, etc.
Adverbs: lovely,
gradually, near, etc.
Adjective Clause:
Complication Years passed by, Ani was struggling
with her con&#6684777;dence as both Crown Princess
and a future queen. Ani’s life that was
always under her mother’s shadow made
her feeling not con&#6684777;dent to be the next
queen. Things got worse, when Ani’s father
passed away. At the
funeral, the queen
announced that her
second child, Calib,
would become the
next ruler. Feeling
confused, Ani tried to
confront the queen.
“Mother, I ask pardon for intruding so soon
after the mourning period, but I must ask
Picture 2.2 The Goose Girl

Unit 2 | Fairy Tale45
you about your statement some weeks ago,”
said Ani.
“Yes, yes my child, about Calib. Sit down,”
the queen asked Ani to sit and continued
explaining, “You remember, &#6684777;ve years ago
we received a visit from the Prime minister
of Bayern.” Ani nodded.
“Well actually, according to our tradition, if
it has to be one of my kids to marry the
prince of Bayern, it should be the third
child, Napralina. But she is too young, and
you, my dear Ani, you are different. After
the trouble with your aunt, I’m worried
that people would never trust you as the
rumors of you being a animal-speaker have
sunk too deep,” said the queen. Furious and
upset, Ani had no other choice and was
obliged to agree. Ani’s lady-in-waiting and
best friend, Selia also convinced her to go to
Bayern. Ani was crushed, but performed
her duty and left Kildenree.
However, another bad thing happened.
On the way to Bayern, Ani began to feel
alienated from Selia. Selia later took Ani’s
identity as the princess and seeized Ani’s
power. After days wandering in the forest
alone, Ani eventually stumbled on the
house of Gilsa and her son, Finn. Gilsa told
her, “Go to Bayern with Finn when the
market opens.
Adjective Clause:
Once upon a time,
there lived a lovely
princess named
Anidori Kiladra
Talianna Isilee, or Ani,
who was born in the
kingdom of Kildenree.
Reporting verbs:
“Mother, I ask pardon
for intruding so soon
after the mourning
period, but I must
ask you about your
statement some weeks
ago,” said Ani.
Continue to identify
the language
features of the
fairy tale as above.
Highlight the words
or phrases using
different colors.
Picture 2.3 The castle

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI46
If you are fortunate, you will meet the
king in person.” Eventually, Ani and Finn
went to the market to try to speak to the
king. They met the king but she ended up
telling him that she was new to the city
and had nowhere to go. Hence, the king
assigned her as a goose girl.
At &#6684777;rst, as a goose girl, Ani struggled
to connect with the other workers and the
geese. However, this changed when she
met Enna who worked with chickens, and
Jok, an injured goose that she nursed back
to health. Over time, Ani built friendships
with the workers including with a man
named Geric, who told her that he was the
prince’s guard. One day, Ani heard a really
bad news from Enna. “Ani, Kildanree plans
on attacking Bayern so the king has decided
to attack Kildenree &#6684777;rst, “told Enna. Ani
realized in horror that this must be Selia’s
plan. If Bayern wiped out Kildanree, there
would be no one who could prove her
real identitybut she could not return to
Kildanree.
The next morning, a group of thieves
attacked the geese &#6684780;ock. Ani used her gift.
She asked the wind to help and it responded
by picking up a large amount of dirt and
attacking the thieves. Because of her good
deeds, Ani was hailed as a hero but was
horri&#6684777;ed to know that the king would invite
her for a reward. As she was afraid to meet
Seila in the kingdom, she decided to escape.
She returned to Gilza’s house and by chance
met Talone, her old guard. “I am so happy
to &#6684777;nd you alive,” said Ani relieved. “I am
also very happy to &#6684777;nally meet you again,
princess. And, I really want to help you get
your identity back,” replied Talone.

Unit 2 | Fairy Tale47
ResolutionThen, the two decided to convince the
king of Ani’s true identity. They rode to
the kingdom and managed to meet the old
prime minister. Soon after con&#6684777;rming her
identity, she was informed that the prince
and Selia were about to get married by the
lake.
Thus, Ani went to the lake to confront Selia.
There she found out that the ‘guard’, Geric,
was actually the crown prince. A terrifying
battle between Selia and Ani could not be
avoided. Luckily, before Selia could kill Ani,
Geric intruded and helped Ani. Days later,
after things quieted down, Ani was called
to prove that Kildenree was not about to
attack Bayern. She declared that she was
the proof as the queen would never send
her &#6684777;rst born into an enemy camp before
storming out. Geric praised her for ending
the war before it started. At the end, Ani and
Geric decided to get married. Geric took her
to a celebration where she was introduced
as the of&#6684777;cial crown princess.
Adapted from https://www.msbkwt.com/images/Files_2020_21/
Library/Pdfs/The_Goose_Girl.pdf
Activity 3
Read “The Goose Girl” story again. Answer the questions.
Compare and discuss your answer with your classmates’.
Access and retrieve
1. What is the story about?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
2. What special abilities did the main character have that other characters
in the story did not?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI48
3. Why wasn’t Ani appointed as Kildenree queen even though she was
the &#6684777;rst child in the family?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
4. Explain how ‘the goose girl’ got her name.
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
5. What was Selia’s plan to abolish Kildenree?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
6. How did Ani &#6684777;nally get her identity back?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
Integrate and interpret
1. How did Ani’s character change in the story?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
2. Describe Ani’s and the queen’s characteristics? What differences and
similarities are there?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
3. In the story, it was told that the queen did not appoint Ani as the future
queen. What do you think of the queen’s deed? Is it a betrayal? Is it a
political move? Or is it a sel&#6684777;sh act? Why? Explain.
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
4. What lessons can you learn from the story?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
Re&#6684780;ect and evaluate
1. Have you ever found a similar character to Selia around you? Tell us
the person’s characteristics. If you are asked to give the person an
advice, what would the advice be?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________

Unit 2 | Fairy Tale49
2. Have you ever been surprised with a reward for doing good deeds and
a warning or even punishment for doing bad things? Describe your
experience.
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
3. After reading ‘The Goose Girl’ story, how do you understand fairy
tales?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
Activity 4
This activity can help you understand the expressions used to
introduce characters and settings that you may need in writing a
tale. Match the sentence beginnings (1-5) with the endings (a-e).
Then, rewrite the complete sentences in your notebook.
hesitation,
restlessness, and
burden.
the ability to talk to
animals and nature.
a certain mission
that wasn’t even for
her.
her goal of
reclaiming her
identity from Selia.
a lush and dark
forest stumbling and
struggling for help.
a
b
c
d
e
Kildenree was an old kingdom
where we could still &#6684777;nd people who
were gifted with …
Being gifted with special abilities,
abandoned by her aunt and father,
and overshadowed by her mother’s
&#6684777;gure made Ani live in …
Ani was devastated when the
position of queen was given to her
sister and she had to leave the palace
for …
Being betrayed by his own lady-in-
waiting and best friend, Ani got lost,
wandering in …
Getting a job as a goose keeper at
the palace brought Ani closer to …
1
2
3
4
5

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI50
Activity 5
Learn more about the expressions used to introduce the
characters and settings in the tale. Later, you will also need
these expressions when writing or speaking about a tale. So,
take notes. The &#6684777;rst expressions/descriptions were given as the
example.
Characters Setting of Time Setting of place
A very beautiful
princess
……
……
……
……
Once upon a time,
……
……
……
……
in the kingdom of
Kildenree
……
……
……
……
Activity 6
Learn more about how to describe a character in a fairy tale. You
will need this when you write or retell your own tale. Pick one of
the characters in “The Goose Girl” tale and use the chart below
to describe her/his characterization. Share your work to your
classmates.

Unit 2 | Fairy Tale51
Activity 7
Without looking back at “The Goose Girl” tale, put these events in
order. When you &#6684777;nish ordering the events, check you answers
by looking back at the story.
She was depressed because she lived under her mother’s
shadow and her unpreparedness to be the future queen.
The condition was getting even worse when the queen decided
Calib to be the next ruler while Ani had to go to Bayern and
marry the crown prince of Bayern.
Ani had been in an unstable condition since the absence of her
aunt and father.
Ani had to &#6684777;ght for her own identity and became a goose girl in
the kingdom of Bayern.
With her persistent efforts and the helps from some loyal
friends, Ani was &#6684777;nally able to reclaim her true identity and
marry Geric, the crown prince of Bayern.
Character’s name :
....................................
picture of the character
The character reminds me of:
…………………………………………..
The character is related to:
……………………….......................
Description of
Appearance (Use list of
words to describe it)
Description of
Personality (Use list of
words to describe it)
What is the character’s
role in the tale?

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI52
When she was a child, Ani spent most of her time with her aunt,
learning how to communicate with animals and nature.
On the way to Bayern, Ani was betrayed by her own best friend
and her identity as a princess was stolen.
Activity 8
Let’s have a further discussion about Ani’s characteristics in
“The Goose Girl” story. Answer the following questions. Then,
explain your reasons for choosing the answer.
In the story, it is said that the young Ani struggled with her self-image.
Ani had a gift to talk with animals and nature that made her so special;
however, the gift made her isolated because the gift is considered shameful
and terible. Furthermore, her self-image was also affected by how her
mother’s shadow and the pressures of being a crown princess.
Nevertheless, as Ani moved to Bayern, she gradually changed her way
of thinking about herself. She started to accept the gift and use it for the
good deeds. She also began to open up to others about her identity and
made friends.
What do you think about how Ani developed her self image?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Your reasons:
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
If you were Ani, what would you do? Would
you do the same thing? Why?
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Picture 2.4 Ani The Goose Girl

Unit 2 | Fairy Tale53
Activity 9.
Now that you have read a tale, in your own words, what do you
think a tale is? What characteristics differentiate a tale from
other narratives? You can make a study gram in your notebook
to note down your understanding on fairy tales.
C. Listening
Activity 1
Before Listening: Look at the picture and
discuss with your classmates the following
questions.
1. Are you familiar with the character in the
picture?
2. What do you know about the character?
3. What does the character remind you of?
You have read a story entitled “The Goose Girl.” That story is a fairy
tale. Fairy tales are stories that involve fantastic forces, usually
goodness against badness or wickedness. Furthermore, fairy tales
are part of narrative texts and aim to entertain or amuse the readers.
Fairy tales also consist of orientation, complication and
resolution (Emilia, E., 2016). In Unit 1 we have already learned
three language features of a narrative text, namely: action verbs,
past tense and sequence words. In the following sections, we will
also gradually learn two other language features of a narrative text.
Those are: noun phrases, and adverbs of time, place and manner.
Picture 2.5 Puss in Boots 1

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI54
Activity 2
Before listening, let’s learn some vocabularies that you will &#6684777;nd
in the tale you are going to listen. Study these words and their
meanings. Then, use them in sentences and write them in your
notebook.
Vocabulary Items of Puss in Boots
Words Meaning
Inheritance Something that someone gives when they die.
CunningBeing clever at planning something so they can
get what they want, especially by tricking other
people.
Gallant Courteously and elaborately attentive.
Deceit The act of causing someone to accept as true or
valid what is false or invalid.
Warren An interconnecting underground passages and
holes in which rabbits live (rabbit burrows).
Noble Honorable or belonging to a high rank in a society
PartridgesA bird with a round body and a short tail that is
sometimes hunted for food or for sport.
Fortune Chance or luck.
Rogues A dishonest or bad man.
Well-built Having an attractive, strong body.
Activity 3
You will listen to a fairy tale. While listening, complete the
blanks in this &#6684777;rst half of the story with the words that you have
previously learned.
The Listening transcript is provided in the Teacher’s Book.

Unit 2 | Fairy Tale55
Puss in Boots
In the olden days, in a small city in Italy, there lived a poor old Miller
with his three sons. The years went by and Miller passed away, leaving
nothing but his mill, donkey, and a cat. In his testament, he left the
mill for the eldest, the donkey for the second-born, and the cat for the
youngest son.
The youngest son grumbled, “I’ll just end up eating the cat.”
Listening to this, Puss, the cat said, “Do not be sad, master. Just give
me a bag and a pair of boots. Then, I will show you that you did not
receive such a poor ____ (1) in me.” Thinking how ____ (2) the cat was,
he thought to give the cat a chance to help him. He went to the market,
spent his last pennies on ordering a
pair of boots for the cat, and gave the
cat his bag. The cat looked very ____ (3)
in his boots.
Then, the cat put bran and corn into
his bag, held the strings of the bag in
his two fore paws and laid by a rabbit
____ (4), stretching as if he were dead.
He waited for some young rabbits, who
were still not acquainted with the ____
(5) of the world. Not long after that, a
reckless young rabbit jumped into his bag, and Puss shortly drew
close the strings and caught the rabbit. He went happily to the palace
with a rabbit in his bag. He begged to speak with the king. Meeting the
king in person, he made a low bow and said, “I have brought you, my
majesty, a rabbit of the warren, which my ____ (6) lord, the Marquis of
Carabas has commanded me to present to you.” The king surely was
very pleased with the present.
Another time, again, he hid among a corn&#6684777;eld, held his bag open,
and when a brace of ____ (7) ran into it, he soon drew the strings and
caught them. The same as what he had done before, he made these
a present for the king. The cat kept continuing sending the presents
Picture 2.6 Puss in Boots 2

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI56
for three months and constantly said that the presents were from his
master, the Marquis of Carabas.
One day, he heard that the king and his daughter were about
to drive in his carriage along the river bank. Puss in Boots told his
master: “If you follow my advice, your ____ (8) is close.” Without
questioning and knowing why or wherefore, Miller’s son did what
the cat advised him to do. While he was washing, the king passed by,
and the cat began to cry out: “Help! Help!
My Lord, Marquis of Carabas, is going to be drowned!” Hearing
that noise, the king put his head out of the coach window, and saw the
cat who had so often brought him such nice presents. The cat came up
to the coach and told the king that while his lord was washing, there
came by some ____ (9), who stole his clothes. This cunning cat had
actually hidden the clothes under a big stone. The king commanded
his guards to fetch one of his best suits for the Lord Marquis of
Carabas.
The king was very pleased to &#6684777;nally meet the Marquis of Carabas.
Although Miller’s son was poor, he was handsome and a ____ (10)
fellow, so that the king’s daughter fell in love with him. The king
invited him to sit in the coach and ride along with them. The cat, felt
overjoyed and marched on before, and as he met some countrymen,
who were mowing a meadow, he said to them, “Good people, you who
are mowing, if you do not tell the king that the meadow you mow
belongs to my Lord Marquis of Carabas, those soldiers will chop
you up like herbs for the pot.” The king asked the mowers to whom
the meadow they were mowing belonged. “To my Lord Marquis
of Carabas,” answered them altogether, for the cat’s threats had
made them dreadfully afraid. “You see, sir, this is a meadow which
never fails to yield a plentiful harvest every year,” said the Marquis
amplifying the lies of the cat. Puss, who went before them, met with
some reapers, and told the same thing. So, when the king passed by
and asked the reapers, they told the king that all the corns belonged
to Lord Marquis of Carabas. Then, shockingly, the king said, “Let’s

Unit 2 | Fairy Tale57
now go to your castle.” The miller’s son, not knowing what to reply,
looked at puss who said, “If Your Majesty will but wait an hour, I will
go before you and order the castle to be made ready for you.” With
that, he jumped away and went to the castle of a great ogre and asked
to see him, saying he could not pass so near his home without having
the honor of paying his respects to him. The ogre received him and
made him sit down.
“I have been assured,” said the cat, “that you have the gift of being
able to change yourself into all sorts of creatures as you wish.” “That
is true, you shall see me now become a lion,” answered the ogre
vigorously. Puss was so terri&#6684777;ed, however, he had a brilliant idea.
“However,” said the cat, “I fear that you will not be able to save yourself
even in the form of a lion, for the king is coming with his army and
means to destroy you.” The ogre looked out of the window and saw
the king waiting outside with his soldiers, so he said, “What shall I
do? How shall I save myself?” Puss replied, “If you change yourself
into something very small, then you can hide.”
In an instant, the ogre turned himself into a mouse and puss
immediately fell upon him and ate him up. Puss, then, ran out and
invited the king to visit the castle. “Does this castle also belong to
you? There can be nothing &#6684777;ner than this court and all the stately
buildings which surround it,” said the king to Marquis of Carabas.
The Marquis gave his hand to the princess, and followed the king,
who went &#6684777;rst. They passed into a spacious hall, where they found a
magni&#6684777;cent rum punch, which the ogre had prepared for his friends,
who were that very day to visit him. The friends, however, did not
dare to enter, knowing that the king was there. The king was perfectly
charmed with the good qualities of my Lord Marquis of Carabas,
without waiting any longer, he said to him, “If you do not, mind, my
Lord Marquis, be my son in law!” The Marquis, making several low
bows, accepted that honor and on that very same day, he married the
princess. Puss &#6684777;nally became a great lord, and never ran after mice
anymore, except for pleasure.
Simpli&#6684777;ed from https://www.storynory.com/puss-in-boots/

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI58
Activity 4
Read the complete version of “Puss in Boots” tale. Then, answer
the following questions. Compare and discuss your answers
with your classmates

1. Which of the following sentences accurately describe the story?
a. The ingenuity of a cat could defeat the strength of an ogre.
b. The Marquis of Carabas told his wealth to the king.
c. A cunning cat sought some lucks for his master.
d. A sly cat fooled the king for his fortunes.
e. A cat could rule ogre and humans.
2. How is the character of Puss described in the story?
a. Sly
b. Cool
c. Brash
d. Generous
e. Meticulous
3. Which is not a cunning act of the Puss?
a. Trapping and catching the animals.
b. Making up stories about the Marquis of Carabas.
c. Making the ogre turned himself into a mouse and eating him.
d. Inviting the king to visit the kingdom of the Marquis of Carabas.
e. Making the farmers admitted that their &#6684777;elds belong to the
Miller’s son.

Unit 2 | Fairy Tale59
4. Decide whether the statements below are true (T) or false (F)
1) Mr. Miller left only a pair of boots, a bag and a cat.
2) The cat promised Miller’s son to make him happy and rich.
3) The ogre was not really as clever as the cat.
4) The ogre was so furious that he immediately turned into a
mouse.
5) Some thieves took the master’s clothes and horse.
5. What do you learn from the story?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
6. If you were the writer, how would you change the main character?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
7. Have you ever read another similar tale to this? What is it? How is it
similar or different to this tale? You can present the similarities and
differences by completing the Venn diagram below.
Story 1: Puss in Boots
Difference
Story 2:....................
Difference
Similarities
Picture 2.7 Venn Diagram

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI60
Activity 5
Here is a dialogue between two friends about the ‘Puss in Boots’
tale. Complete the dialogue using the information from the tale
you have listened to. The answer choices are provided below.
• it took three months • the cat could also play trick on an ogre
• he played a trick • his master was a crown prince
• he made up some lies • the cat could bring some lucks
Alma : Hi Hira, what are you reading?
Hira : Oh, hi Alma. This is one of the famous fairy tales entitled “Puss
in Boots”. Have you ever read this tale?
Alma : It sounds familiar. Yet, I can hardly remember what it is about.
Hira :It is about a cunning cat who helped his master to &#6684777;nd his luck.
Alma : Interesting! How could the cat help his master?
Hira :It’s actually not a good thing as _______ (1). He told the king that
________ (2) called the Marquis of Carabas.
Alma :Wow, he had to be a very special cat. How could it be so easy for
the king to trust the cat?
Hira :It was actually not that instant. _______ (3) for the cat to
continuously send gifts to the king on behalf of his master until
the king truly believed in his master’s goodness. Not only able
to fool the king, but ________ (4).
Alma : I feel very interested to know more about it.
Hira : You should read it by yourself. The tale is very fun to read.
Alma : I will read it for sure. Thanks for sharing.
Hira : You are welcome, Alma.

Unit 2 | Fairy Tale61
Activity 6
Let’s learn more about the characters in ‘Puss in Boots’ tale.
Listen to the tale once more and match the descriptions (1-4)
with the characters (a-d) in the story.
Activity 7
Learn more about the expressions used in the story. Complete
the table below. Find the expressions used to introduce the
characters and settings in each part of the story. The &#6684777;rst
expressions were given as the example. You will need the
expressions when you write or tell a tale.
Characters Setting of time Setting of place
A poor miller
……
……
……
In the old days,
……
……
……
In small city in Italy
……
……
……
The King
Character
Description
The cat
The miller
Miller’s
youngest son
a
a
a
b
He was really poor and when he
passed away, he left nothing but his
three sons, mill, donkey, and a cat.
He was cunning and hard working.
He had a brilliant idea to change his
master’s life.
He was young, handsome and well-
built. However, he had no idea and
was just a follower.
He was rich. He was easily pleased,
tricked and deceived.
1
2
3
4

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI62
Activity 8
Work in pairs. Discuss these questions
What do you think of the tricks that puss did to gain luck and advantages
for his master? Is it a right and legal action? Is it acceptable? Explain your
reason.
D. Grammar Focus
Noun Phrases
In the fairy tales that you have listened to, you &#6684777;nd the following phrases:
1. puss in boots
2. herbs for the pot
3. rabbits of the warren
4. this cunning cat
5. once upon a time
The phrases above are called noun phrases. A noun phrase is a phrase
that includes a noun and (optionally) modi&#6684777;ers. In narrative texts, noun
phrases are commonly used to introduce the characters and setting of the
story. They are used to evoke senses and provide details of the characters
and settings.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Unit 2 | Fairy Tale63
Practice
Can you remember the noun phrases in the “Puss in Boots”
story? Complete the sentences below using the words provided.
a cunning
cat
a bag
such nice
presents
a
magni&#6684777;cent
rum punch
his three
sons
a poor …… his master
a pair of
boots
a great stone
a spacious
hall
1. In the old days, there lived ______ Miller ______.
2. The cat asked for ______ and ______ to the Miller’s son.
3. Lord Marquis of Carabas was the title which puss gave to ______.
4. Puss was the cat who had so often brought the king _______.
5. This ______ had actually hidden the clothes _______.
6. The king’s entourages and Lord Marquis of Carabas passed into _______,
where they found _______.
Adverb of time, place and manner
In the fairytale entitled “Puss in Boots” that you have listened to, you &#6684777;nd
the following words:
• very
• happily
• actually
• never
• &#6684777;rst
• immediately
• favorably
• &#6684777;nally
• upon him
• perfectly
These words are called adverbs. In narrative texts, we also use adverbs to
provide details on the descriptions of the characters and setting. Adverb

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI64
is a word that describes a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or the whole
sentence. There are different types of adverbs, namely: adverbs of manner,
place, time, duration, frequency, degree, etc. However, in this section, we
will only learn about adverbs of time, place and manner. Pay attention to
the explanation given in the table.
Type Function Position Example
Time To provide
information
about time.
It usually appears at
the end of a clause,
but sometimes it
appears in the front
position (especially
when the writer
wants to emphasize
the adverb).
• The cat met
the king a day
before.
• In the olden
days, there lived
a really poor
farmer.
Place To provide
information
about the
place.
It usually appears at
the end of a clause,
but it sometimes also
appears in the front
position (especially in
writing).
• The cat was
waiting outside.
• Outside, there
was a really
beautiful pond
full of &#6684777;sh.
Manner To show how
actions are
performed (It
answers the
question ‘in
what manner?’
It usually appears at
the end of a clause,
but sometimes it
appears in mid
position (when the
object is very long).
• The cat ran
quickly.
• The cat quickly
ran out of the
room chasing the
black mouse.

Unit 2 | Fairy Tale65
Practice
Can you remember the adverbs used in the “Puss in Boots” story?
Complete the sentences below using the words provided.
ever in the old days happily then
never out of just inside
1. “I think I will ______ eat this cat,” said the youngest Miller.
2. He, ______, went to the market, spent his last pennies on ordering a
&#6684777;ne pair of boots for the cat.
3. He went _______ with a rabbit inside his bag.
4. While the king’s guards were drawing Marquis of Carabas _______ the
river, the cat came up to the coach to meet the king.
5. “This is a meadow which ______ fails to yield a plentiful harvest every
year,” said Lord Marquis of Carabas to the king.
E. Writing
Activity 1
Story Mapping
After reading and listening to
different kinds of tales. It is time
for you to write your own tale.
Observe the following picture and
write a tale about it. You can be as
creative as you can. Use the story
map below to outline your writing.
Picture 2.8 Fairy tale writing

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI66
Story Map
After you &#6684777;nish mapping your story, exchange your story map with your
classmates and get feedback from your classmates and your teacher. Then,
revise your work according to the given feedback.
Tittle : __________________________________________
Descriptions of the setting:
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Problem/Con&#6684780;ict:
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Actions or Events that happened:
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Ending:
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Descriptions of the characters:
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Solution:
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________

Unit 2 | Fairy Tale67
Activity 2
Writing a Complete Story
Develop your story map into a well written story. Don’t forget to use the
correct structure and language features of a narrative text .
Once you are satis&#6684777;ed with the content of your writing, recheck the
grammar, usage, and mechanics. Have your classmates help you read and
review your writing. Here are the proofreading checklists (√) that you
can use.
1. The story has an interesting title.
2. The setting have been introduced using descriptive
language.
3. The character has been introduced interestingly.
4. What happened at the beginning of the beginning of the
story has been explained.
5. The story has interesting problem(s).
6. There are sequence words to order the events.
7. There is the use of action dialogue and feeling to bring the
story to a close.
8. There is a balanced ending to the story.
9. There are no spelling and grammar errors in my writing.
10. Capitalization and punctuations are correctly used.
Your writing
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI68
If you still &#6684777;nd some errors in your writing, you should consult your
teacher and make &#6684777;nal corrections. Do not forget to reread for the &#6684777;nal
check.
F. Speaking
Activity 1
Storytelling
It is the time for
you to perform
your work. You will
present your story
in a storytelling
performance. Each
of you will have 5-10
minute-storytelling
performance. You
can prepare your
performance by
following these
instructions.
1. Practice reading
your written story over and over until you can tell the story without
looking at your writing. While performing, if you forget certain parts,
you can alter or add the story. You can improvise.
2. Use visual props (if possible) to bring the character to life.
3. Explore the role of each character in the story you wrote and dramatize
the character. Change your voice accordingly.
4. While performing, maintain eye contact, use facial expressions, use
gestures and change your voice with different characters.
5. Rehearse your storytelling over and over before performing.
Picture 2.9 The Puppet Show

Unit 2 | Fairy Tale69
Activity 2
Talking about the characters in the story
After performing your storytelling and enjoy your classmates’
performance, develop a dialogue with two of your classmates talking
about the characters in the story that you have developed. You may
discuss with your mates whose story will be discussed. You can use the
dialog prompt below or just develop your own dialogue.
Student 1 : Hi, do you like the story entitled _______?
Student 2 :Yes. I am particularly impressed with _________ (name
one of the character in the story). He/she was _________
(description of the character).
Student 1 : Yes, he/she _________ (more descriptions of the character)
Student 3 :I prefer ______ (another character in the story). He/she
was _________ (description of the character).
Student 1 :Yes, I also like her/him. He/she _________ (more descriptions
of the character).
Student 2 :If he/she ______ (description of the character that student
3 likes), I think I will also like him/her.
Student 3 : ________________________________________________________________
Student 1 : ________________________________________________________________
Student 2 : ________________________________________________________________
G. Re&#6684780;ection
After learning Unit 2, you should self-re&#6684780;ect or look back at your learning
experience. There is no right or wrong answer. Just be honest.
1. On a scale from 1-5, how do you rate your understanding about fairy
tales that you have learned? Fill up the stars.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI70
CAN YOU?
2. Can you identify the characteristics of the fairy tales.
3. Can you understand noun phrases, and adverbs of time, place and
manner in the fairy tales. ?
4. Can you understand implicit and explicit information (main ideas and
detailed information) from the texts that you have read and listen to?
5. Can you write a story with an appropriate schematic structure and
linguistic features?
6. Can you retell the story that you have written?
WHAT?
7. What values have you learned from this unit?
8. What is your favorite learning activity in this unit?
9. What is your least favorite learning experience in this unit?
10. How does the materials you have learned in this unit relate to real-
world situations and problems?
NOW WHAT?
11. What would you like to improve?
12. What do you want to learn more in the future?
13. In your daily life, how will you apply what you have already learned?

Fantasy
After learning this unit, you are expected to:
1. Identify the different characteristics of a fantasy story, including
social functions and text structures.
2. Identify some of the linguistic features of a fantasy story, namely:
adjective clauses and reported speech.
3. Understand implicit and explicit information (main ideas and
detailed information) from the texts.
4. Write a story with an appropriate schematic structure and
linguistic features.
5. Share and tell the story in focus.
Unit
3
KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN, KEBUDAYAAN,
RISET, DAN TEKNOLOGI REPUBLIK INDONESIA, 2021
Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut
untuk SMA Kelas XI
Penulis : Rida Afrilyasanti, Anik Muslikah Indriastuti
ISBN : 978-602-244-863-1

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI72
A. My Initial Understanding
Look at the picture and discuss the following questions with a partner.
Remember to respect each other’s answer.
1. What can you see in the picture?
2. Can you guess what story you will
read?
3. What kind of story will it be? Will
it be a happy, sad, adventurous, or
mystery story?
4. From the picture, can you guess
whether it is the story setting or the
character? Please describe.
B. Reading
Activity 1
In order to help you understand the story you will read, let’s
learn some vocabularies that you will &#6684777;nd in the story. Read the
sentences and, based on the context, guess the meaning of the
bold printed words. Then, match the word with its meaning.
Vocabulary Items of The Lion, the witch and the Wardrobe
1. Lucy encountered the Faun Tumnus in a strange, snowy wood.
2. Tumnus was a servant of a terrible White Witch, who had bewitched
Narnia so that it was always winter and never Christmas.
3. The witch fed Edmund enchanted Turkish Delight and persuaded
him to bring back his siblings.
4. Tumnus had been jailed on treason accusations.
Picture 3.1 The Wardrobe 1

Unit 3 | Fantasy73
5. When the Pevensies passed a forest lamppost while hunting a
magical white deer, they returned to their former world, where time
had scarcely passed and they were once again kids.
Faun
Put a magic spell on someone or something in
order to control him/her/it.
Bewitched Broke suddenly into very small pieces.
Turkish
Delight
The crime of assisting your country’s enemies or
seeking to overthrow the government illegally.
Treason
A &#6684777;ctional creature that looks like a small man
with a goat’s back legs, a tail, ears, and horns.
Shattered
A soft sweet that is usually cut into squares and
dusted with powdered sugar.
Activity 2
Now, read a fantasy story entitled ‘The Lion, the Witch, and the
Wardrobe.’ While reading, pay attention to the characters and
the events told in the story.
Structures Text Language
Features
Orientation: The Lion, the Witch,
and the Wardrobe
During the World
War II, four
siblings, Peter,
Susan, Edmund
and Lucy were
sent to live in
the country with
Professor Kirke.
They explored the house on their
&#6684777;rst day, and Lucy, the youngest,
discovered an enormous wardrobe.
Action Verbs
• They
explored the
house on
their &#6684777;rst
day, and
Lucy, the
youngest,
discovered
an enormous
wardrobe.
Picture 3.2 The Wardrobe 2

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI74
Structures Text Language
Features
Complication
Being curious, Lucy stepped
inside the wardrobe and found
herself in a strange, snowy wood.
She encountered the Faun Tumnus.
“You are in Narnia. Let’s get going
before you are caught by the Witch”
said Tumnus. At his home, Tumnus
sadly told Lucy that he was a servant
of a terrible White Witch, who had
bewitched Narnia so that in Narnia,
it was always winter but there never
was a Christmas. Tumnus also said,
“I am a kidnapper and it is my job to
capture human beings like you, Lucy.”
Hearing that, “So, Mr Tumnus, is that
the reason why you asked me to
come here?” Lucy wailed. “Yes, I am
so sorry, Lucy,” Tumnus answered.
Then, Lucy pleaded with Tumnus to
let her go. Luckily, he agreed, so she
went back home shortly.
Afterward,
Lucy told her
siblings about
her adventure
in Narnia.
However, they
did not believe
her. “I’ve never
heard a place
called Narnia,”
said Peter.
Edmund teasingly yelled, “Come
on, you just went away for seconds,
not hours!” Lucy insisted that Narnia
Past Tense:
She
encountered
the Faun
Tumnus.
Sequence
words:
During,
afterward etc.
Noun
Phrases:
four siblings,
their &#6684777;rst day,
etc.
Adverbs:
Luckily, he
agreed, so
shortly she
went back
home
Adjective
Clause:
Tumnus
sadly told
Lucy that he
was a servant
of a terrible
White Witch,
who had
bewitched
Narnia.
Picture 3.3 Tumnus and Luci

Unit 3 | Fantasy75
Structures Text Language
Features
is real, but when her siblings looked
in the back of the wardrobe, they only
saw an ordinary piece of furniture.
Edmund teased Lucy endlessly
until he spotted her disappear inside
the wardrobe one day. Edmund
followed Lucy and found himself in
Narnia as well.
In Narnia, Edmund did not see
Lucy, and instead met the White
Witch who introduced herself as the
Queen of Narnia.
The witch fed Edmund enchanted
Turkish Delight and persuaded him
to bring back his siblings. On the way
to the lamppost, which marked the
border between Narnia and the real
world, Edmund saw Lucy and was
informed about the evil the Witch.
But he kept on disbelieving. When
they returned home, Edmund did not
even tell Susan and Peter that Narnia
really existed.
One day, when the four siblings
were hiding from the housekeeper in
the wardrobe, they found themselves
in Narnia. Lucy took them to Tumnus’
house, but they were unable to &#6684777;nd
him; instead, they found a message
notifying them that Tumnus had
been jailed on treason accusations.
When they were preparing to help
Tumnus, they met Mr. Beaver, who
said, ”You will not be unable to save
Tumnus unless you join the great
lion, Aslan, at the Stone Table.”
Shortened
form of
Adjective
Clause:
I’ve never
heard a
place called
Narnia.
Reporting
verbs:
“You are in
Narnia. Let’s
get going
before you
are caught by
the Witch”
said Tumnus.
Continue to
identify the
language
features
of the
fairy tale
as above.
Highlight
the words
or phrases
using
different
colors.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI76
Structures Text Language
Features
Mr. Beaver told, “It is forecasted
that Aslan will &#6684777;x all wrongs and
transform winter into spring.” He
added, “It is also foretold that the
White Witch, who only pretends to
be human, will be defeated when two
“Sons of Adam” and two “Daughters
of Eve” sit on the thrones of the castle
of Cair Paravel in Narnia.” During the
conversation, Edmund sneaked off
to meet the White Witch and told her
about the plan to meet Aslan. Sadly,
he was not rewarded, yet was treated
like a prisoner.
Soon, the kids and Mr. Beaver
could meet Aslan but when they were
setting up a camp, the witch with her
followers came. Then, Aslan and the
witch had a private conversation
apart from the kids. That night, Lucy
and Susan could not sleep and go
looking for Aslan who they found
leaving the campsite. Aslan allowed
them to accompany him, but before
they arrived at the Stone Table, he
asked the girls to keep their distance
and remain hidden. The Witch
mocked Aslan, shaved his mane, tied
him to the Stone Table and executed
him, revealing that he gave his life
for Edmund’s. Devastated, the girls
stayed with Aslan’s body all night.
In the morning, the Stone Table
shattered in two and Aslan returned
from dead, he became even more
powerful.

Unit 3 | Fantasy77
Structures Text Language
Features
Then, Susan and Lucy rode on
Aslan’s back to the White Witch’s
castle, where Aslan awakened many
creatures the witch had turned to
stone, including Tumnus. Meanwhile,
Peter led Aslan’s army against the
witch in a massive &#6684777;ght. The battle
was won when Aslan killed the
witch. The kids inherited the Narnia
thrones and grew to adulthood
while Aslan vanished. When the
Pevensies*) passed a forest lamppost
while hunting a magical white deer,
they returned to their former world,
where time had scarcely passed and
they were once again kids.
Adapted and Summarized from http://www.samizdat.qc.ca/arts/lit/PDFs/
LionWitchWardrobe_CSL.pdf
Pevensies is the kingdom of Narnia’s newest dynasty following the age of
Winter, during which a single monarch, the White Witch Jadis, had reigned
for a hundred years.
Picture 3.4 Susan, Susi, and Aslan

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI78
Activity 3
Choose the best answer to the following questions.
Access and retrieve
1. What was unusual about Professor Kirke’s house?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
2. How did the adventure begin?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
3. How could &#6684777;nally Lucy’s siblings &#6684777;nd Narnia?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
Integrate and interpret
1. Why was Edmund reluctant to trust Mr. Beaver? Why did he reveal his
siblings’ plan to the White Witch?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
2. How is Edmund’s personality? Use the information in the text to
support your answer.
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
Re&#6684780;ect and evaluate
1. What are your opinions on Lucy’s decision to enter the forest by
herself? Was it prudent, brave, or foolish? What would you do if you
were Lucy? Why?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
2. Do you agree with the kids’ decision to rescue Tumnus? Why or why
not?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________

Unit 3 | Fantasy79
Activity 4
Read the story again and describe Faun Tumnus by completing
three ovals below. In the &#6684777;rst oval, write the description of
Tumnus’ physical appearance. In the second oval, draw Tumnus’s
picture and in the third oval, tell Tumnus’ personality.
Activity 5
Understand the story more by putting these events in order.
Lucy met Tumnus and found out that Narnia was under the spell
of the White Witch.
Under the in&#6684780;uence of the Witch’s spell, Edmund told his siblings’
plan to save Tumnus.
With the help from Aslan, the childern could save all creatures
from the witch’s enchantment and inherit Narnia’s thrones.
Lucy and her siblings explored the house and she found out a
magical wardrobe that led her to Narnia.
Tumnus’ Physical
Description
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
Faun Tumnus Tumnus’
Personality
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
Picture 26. Three Ellipses

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI80
One day, all of the children accidently discovered Narnia and
found that Tumnus had been imprisoned.
All of her siblings did not believe in Lucy’s story about Narnia
until one day Edmund found out himself about it.
Lucy and her siblings moved to Professor Kirke’s house in the
country.
Activity 6
Reread “The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe” story. What
lessons did you learn from each characters? Discuss with three
different mates and compare to your answer.
There are many moral lessons that you can learn from the story, such as
honesty, integrity, forgiveness, courage, and self-sacri&#6684777;ce. The lessons are
presented by the characterization of each character in the story. Complete
the following chart with the names of the characters that best describe
the characterizations provided. You also have to provide evidence from
the story that supports each character’s characterization.
Honesty and Integrity
Character’s Name(s):

_____________________________
Explanation and Evidence:
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
Forgiveness
Character’s Name(s):

_____________________________
Explanation and Evidence:
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________

Unit 3 | Fantasy81
Courage
Character’s Name(s):

_____________________________
Explanation and Evidence:
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
Self-sacri&#6684777;ce
Character’s Name(s):

_____________________________
Explanation and Evidence:
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
Activity 7
Choose one of two provided answers. Then, explain your reasons
for choosing the answer.
Read each of the statements in the &#6684777;rst column. Make a decision on
whether you agree or disagree with the statements. Compare your answer
before and after reading the story. Explain your choices and reasons
for changing/ not changing your choices. There are no right or wrong
answers.
Statement
Before Reading After Reading Your
ExplanationAgree Disagree Agree Disagree
You should not
believe something
unless you see it
yourself.
Even if someone
has done something
wrong, you should
forgive them.
Sacri&#6684777;ce is a way to
show love.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI82
Activity 8
Read and understand some key concept materials given below.
You can make a study gram in your notebook in order to help
you understand more.
You have read and understand a story entitled “The Lion, the Witch
and the Wardrobe.” It is a fantasy. Fantasy are stories that include
impossible or magic systems as the components of the story.
As the characteristics of narratives texts, fantasy is also aimed
to amuse or entertain the readers and consists of orientation,
complication and resolution (Emilia, 2016). In Unit 1 and 2, we have
already learned &#6684777;ve language features of a narrative text, namely:
action verbs, past tense, sequence words, noun phrases, as well as
adverbs of manner, time and place. In the following sections, we will
also gradually learn two other language features of a narrative text.
They are adjective clauses and reported speech.

Unit 3 | Fantasy83
C. Listening
Activity 1
Before Listening: Look at the picture and answer the questions
about it.
1. What can you see in the picture?
2. Is there any story related with the picture shown above? What is the
title of the story?
3. Are you familiar with the animal rules? In your opinion, are the
animals the subject to the rules, or are they both?
Picture 3.5 Animal Farm

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI84
Activity 2
In order to help you understand the story you are about to listen,
learn some key words. Match the words with the de&#6684777;nitions.
Then, make sentences using these words and write them in your
notebook.
Vocabulary Items of Animal Farm
tyranny, animalism, leadership, windmill, scapegoat, privilege, equal,
speculation, blasting, alliance,
Description Word
causing injury, especially affecting with sudden violence
or ruin
a group or association that is formed for mutual bene&#6684777;t
a construction with vanes that turn in the wind and
generate power to grind grain into &#6684780;our
being the same in quantity, degree, size, or value
cruel and unfair treatment by those with a power over
the others
actions of leading a group
behaviors that characterize animals
a special right or advantage granted or given only to a
particular person or group
someone who is blamed for the wrongdoings or faults of
others
assumption, a guessing or prediction

Unit 3 | Fantasy85
Activity 3
You will listen to a story entitled “Animal Farm.” Fill in the blank
using words from the story.
The Listening transcript is provided in the Teacher’s Book.
Animal Farm
by George Orwell
One night, the oldest pig on Manor farm, named the Old Major, called
all the animals in the farm for a meeting. He described his dream
about the world where all animals would live free from the ____ (1) of
the human masters. The Old Major died soon after the meeting, but
inspired by his philosophy of animalism, two younger pigs, Snowball
and Napoleon assumed command.
Napoleon and Snowball led the animals
in Manor farm to rebel and drive Mr. Jones
from the farm. Then, the animals changed
Manor farm’s name to Animal farm. The
seven rules of ____ (2) were written on
the wall of the barn. Snowball acted as
the leader, attempting to read and write.
Then, the pigs soon elevated themselves
to the position of leadership. Meanwhile,
Napoleon managed to take the pups from
the farm dogs and trained them privately.
One day, Mr Jones came with his friends, trying to retake the
farm. However, the animals defeated him and could defend the farm.
As the smartest animals, Napoleon and Snowball struggled for ____
(3). When Snowball announced the idea for constructing a windmill,
Napoleon opposed it. Napoleon had his dogs chase Snowball away.
Picture 3.6 Napoleon

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI86
Later, in Snowball’s absence, Napoleon declared himself leader
and made many changes. He eliminated all meetings and instead a
committee of pigs ran the farm.
A pig named Squealer was assigned by Napoleon as accomplice.
He announced that Snowball stole Napoleon’s idea of making a ____ (4).
All animals except the pigs had to work harder to make the windmill
and were promised to have easier lives with the windmill. In fact,
the animals received less and less food, while the pigs grew fatter.
Unfortunately, months after making the windmill, a violent storm
hit. Napoleon convinced the animals that Snowball destroyed it. He
started to make Snowball a ____ (5). When he purged the farm by killing
animals, he also accused Snowball of being the culprit. Napoleon has
surely abused his powers, he made life even harder for animals. The
pigs imposed more control over the farm while they reserved ____ (6)
for themselves. The rules of animalism in the farm began to change
and evolved. The pigs started to adopt the lifestyle of humans while
the other animals, though cold, starving, and overworked, remained
convinced through psychological conditioning that they were still
better off than they were ruled by Mr. Jones.
Unexpectedly, Mr. Frederick, one of the neighboring farmers,
swindled Napoleon and attacked the farm, using ____ (7) powder
to blow up the restored windmill. Although the animals could win
the battle, they did so at great cost, including Boxer, the horse, who
was wounded. While being ill, Boxer continued working harder and
harder, until he collapsed while working on the windmill. Napoleon
directly sent for a van to take Boxer to the vet, explaining that a better
car could be given there. Boxer died, amongst ____ (8) from the pigs
that it was a cover-up from Squealer.
Years passed and the pigs learned to walk upright, carried whips,
and wore clothes just like humans. The seven rules of animalism were
reduced to a single phrase: All animals are ____ (9) but some animals
are more equal than others. One night, Napoleon held a dinner party
for the pigs and the humans of the area, who congratulated Napoleon

Unit 3 | Fantasy87
Activity 4
Read “Animal Farm” story again. Answer the questions. Compare
and discuss your answer with your classmate’s.
1. What is the story about?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
2. Who is your favorite character? What do you like about him/her?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
3. Would you want to be that character? Why or why not?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
4. What do you learn from your favorite character?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
5. How did the pigs gain their leadership? Why did all the other animals
allow this to occur?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
6. How did Napoleon solidify his leadership position on the farm?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
7. What happened to Boxer? How did other animals learn of his fate?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
on having the hardest-working animals in the country on the least
feed. Then, Napoleon announced an ____ (10) with humans and
reverted the name of the farm to ‘Manor Farm.’ The other animals
overheard those conversations. They noticed that the faces of the
pigs had begun changing. The animals realized that the faces of pigs
looked like the faces of humans and no one could tell the difference
between them.
Adapted from a synopsis found at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_farm

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI88
8. Compare Snowball’s with Napoleon’s leadership. Which leadership
do you prefer? Why?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
9. What was your reaction to the animals taking power from humans?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
10. What do you learn from the story?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
Activity 5
Read the story again. Then, note down the details of each
character below. Underline the sentences in the story that
support your descriptions.
Mr. Jones
Old Major
Snowball
Napoleon
Squealer
Boxer
From the description of the characters above, compare between
Snowball’s and Napoleon’s characteristics. Discuss with your peers.
Snowball
Difference
Napoleon
Difference
Similarities
Picture 3.7 Venn Diagram

Unit 3 | Fantasy89
Activity 6
Now, let’s identify the series of events being told in the story you
have listened to. Identify the structure of the story by matching
up the sentences (1-7) with the plot structure (a-f). There is one
extra sentence.
1. Napolen repelled Snowball from the farm and abused his powers that
made the life even harder for the other animals in Manor farm.
2. The pig taught the other animals to read and write, and worked for
the animal revolution.
3. The old Major spoke about animal freedom which then inspired
Snowball and Napoleon to take on the leadership roles.
4. The animals realized and witnessed the cruelty and tyranny of of the
pigs led by Napoleon.
5. The animals overheard the conversations of Napoleon and the other
pigs with humans talking about their success to fool other animals for
their own bene&#6684777;ts.
6. The animals lived as livestock on Manor farm which was owned by
Mr. Jones.
7. Napoleon and Snowball led the animals in Manor farm to rebel and
take control of the farm.
Picture 3.8 The Structure of Story Organization
a b
c
d
e
f
Climax
Resolution
Ending
Complication
Initiating Event
Begining

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI90
Activity 7
Let’s have further discussion on one of the problems raised in
the story you have listened to. State your opinion and have a
discussion with your classmates.
In ‘Animal Farm’ story, it is said that Napoleon took the control of the farm.
He managed to make all the animals work harder for the farm with lower
payment (they received less and less food). Besides, he also had business
with humans. What do you think about Napoleon’s business attitude in
managing the farm?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Was the way Napoleon managed the farm acceptable? Why or why not?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
D. Grammar Focus
Adjective Clauses
Now, let’s learn about some language features in a story. You will need this
when writing or telling a story. In the ‘Animal Farm’ story that you have
listened to, you &#6684777;nd the following sentences:
1. One night, the oldest pig on Manor farm, named the Old Major, called
all the animals in the farm for a meeting.
2. He described his dream about the world where all animals would
live free.
3. A pig, named Squealer, was assigned by Napoleon as an accomplice.

Unit 3 | Fantasy91
4. They did so at a great cost, including Boxer, the horse, who was
wounded.
5. Napoleon held a dinner party for the pigs and the humans of the area,
who congratulated Napoleon on having the hardest-working
animals in the country on the least feed.
The words written in red colors are called adjective clauses. A clause
is a group of related words that has a subject and a verb. An adjective
clause is also called relative clause. It tells us which person or thing (or
what kind of person or thing) the speaker means. In order to understand
the construction of adjective clauses, please have a look at the following
examples:
They did so at great cost, including Boxer, the horse - The horse was
wounded.
They did so at a great cost, including Boxer, the horse, who was
wounded.
Meanwhile, the words written in orange above are the shortened
form of adjective clauses. We can reduce an adjective clause by omitting
the relative pronoun (who, that, or which) and the verb be. For example:
1. The Animal Farm was an award- winning novel which was written
by George Orwell.
2. The Animal Farm was an award- winning novel, written by George
Orwell.
Practice 1
Make one sentence from two. Use who/that/which. Write the
new sentences in your notebook.
1. Manor farm was owned by an irresponsible and drunken man. The
man was called Mr. Jones.
2. One day, there was an animal revolution on the farm. The revolution
was led by two young pigs.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI92
3. Napoleon managed to drive Snowball out of the farm. Napoleon was a
really cunning and evil pig
4. Boxer had to work harder than the others. Boxer was one of the
strongest animals in the farm
5. In a dinner party with other pigs and humans of the area, Napoleon
held a serious conversation. The conversation was about forming an
alliance.
Practice 2
Read the sentences that you have combined in Practice 1. Reduce
the adjective clauses to the shortened form. Then, write the new
sentences in your notebook.
Reported Speech
In ‘The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe’ story, you read the following
sentences:
1. “You are in Narnia. Let’s get going before you are caught by the Witch”
said Tumnus.
2. “I’ve never heard a place called Narnia,” said Peter.
3. Tumnus told Lucy that he was a servant of a terrible White Witch.
4. He said that they would not be unable to save Tumnus unless they
joined the great lion, Aslan, at the Stone Table.
The &#6684777;rst two sentences above (a & b) are called direct speech.
Meanwhile, sentences c & d are called indirect speech (reported speech).
Direct and indirect speech are used when the speaker tells someone what
someone else said.
Direct speech is used when the speaker reports what someone else
said as if he said it. In this case, the speaker does not change anything
about what he/she heard, he/she just transmits it to the next person. For

Unit 3 | Fantasy93
example:
• “You went away for seconds, not hours,” Edmund said.
Indirect speech is used when the speaker reports what someone
else has said. When we use indirect speech, we make some changes in:
1. Pronouns ( to re&#6684780;ect who is speaking)
For example, if you are reporting the speech of someone who talked
about himself with the 1st person pronoun (I), you need to change the
pronoun to ‘he.’ Please learn from the sentence below.
Direct speech: “You went away for seconds, not hours,” Edmund said.
Indirect speech: Edmund said that I had gone away for seconds, not
hours.
2. Verbs (Because in indirect speech we are reporting, we use a tense
which is further back in the past)
Please learn from the sentences below.
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
“You will go away for seconds,
not hours,” Edmund said.
Edmund said that I would go
away for seconds, not hours.
“You go away for seconds, not
hours,” Edmund said.
Edmund said that I went away for
seconds, not hours.
“You are going away for seconds,
not hours,” Edmund said.
Edmund said that I was going
away for seconds, not hours.
“You went away for seconds, not
hours,” Edmund said.
Edmund said that I had gone away
for seconds, not hours.
“You were going away for
seconds, not hours,” Edmund
said.
Edmund said that I had been going
away for seconds, not hours.
“You have gone away for seconds,
not hours,” Edmund said.
Edmund said that I had gone away
for seconds, not hours.
“You had gone away for seconds,
not hours,” Edmund said.
Edmund said that I had gone away
for seconds, not hours.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI94
Practice
Reread “The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe” story. Note
down the direct and indirect speeches that you can &#6684777;nd in the
story. Change the sentences (from direct into indirect and the
other way round).
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
E. Writing
Activity 1
Story Builder Chart
After reading and listening to different kinds of stories. It is time for you to
write your own story. Choose one from three given fantasy story prompts
below. Then, write a fantasy story about it.
Prompt 1.
A legendary dragon was attempting to kidnap a beautiful princess. Plot
twist: the princess captured the dragon and imprisoned it in her tower
to teach it a lesson.

Unit 3 | Fantasy95
Prompt 2.
A famous writer became trapped inside his/her own book.
Prompt 3.
In the attic, you discovered your great-grandfather’s antique chessboard.
You moved a piece unconsciously. The following day, an opposing piece
was moved.
In order to help you plan your writing, use the story builder chart below.
Make similar chart in your notebook and draft your story.
MAIN CHARACTER SUPPORTING CHARACTERS
What is the name?
How does he/she look like?
How are his/her personalities?
What are their names?
How do they look like?
How are their personalities?
What are their relationship with
the main character?
SETTING STORY HOOK
When did the story take place?
Where did the story take place?
How was the atmosphere?
How were the characters and
settings introduced?
How did the story start?
PROBLEM CLIMAX
What problems did the
characters have?
Which characters got the
problems?
What was the biggest problem or
the turning point of the story?

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI96
SOLUTION ENDING
Which character solved the
problem?
How were the problems solved?
How was the ending?
What is the moral of the story?
After you complete your story builder chart, exchange your chart with
your classmates and get feedback from peers and your teacher. Then,
revise your work according to the given feedback.
Activity 2
Writing a Complete Story
Develop your story builder chart into a well written story. Don’t forget to
use the correct structure and language features of a narrative text .
Once you are satis&#6684777;ed with the content of your writing, recheck the
grammar, usage, and mechanics. Have your classmates help you reading
and reviewing your writing. Here are the proofreading checklists (√) that
you can use.
1. The story has an interesting title.
2. The setting and atmosphere have been introduced using
descriptive language.
Your Writing:
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Unit 3 | Fantasy97
3. The character has been introduced interestingly.
4. What happened at the beginning of the beginning of the
story has been explained.
5. The story has interesting problem(s).
6. There are sequence words to order the events.
7. There is the use of action dialogue, and feeling to bring the
story to a close.
8. There is a balanced ending to the story.
9. There are no spelling and grammar errors in my writing.
10. Capitalization and punctuations are correctly used.
If you still &#6684777;nd some errors in your writing, you can immediately edit and
make &#6684777;nal corrections. Don’t forget to reread for the &#6684777;nal check. When
you do not &#6684777;nd any errors anymore, your writing is ready to publish.
F. Speaking
In this speaking section, you can choose one of the following activities.
Activity 1
Share your Story
It is time for you to present your work orally. You will present your story
in inside-outside circle activity. Follow the instructions below.
1. Create one large circle and pair up.
2. One partner moves to the inside. Partners face each other (students
who stand in inside circle face those who are in the outside circle).
3. Share your story (starting from those who are in the inside circle).

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI98
4. When the teacher says ‘pass’, take turn. Those who stand in the outside
circle take turn to share the story.
5. When the teacher says ‘move’, those who stand in the outside circle
should move one step to the left or right and repeat the storytelling
activity.
source: https://www.edutoolbox.org/rasp/2076
Activity 2
Discussions
You will have a drama performance by the end of Unit 3. Choose one
of all the stories that you and friends have written. Discuss with your
classmates. Here are the things that you need to consider in choosing a
story to perform.
1. Does the story have complete story elements?
2. Is it possible to have a character growth from the chosen story?
3. Is the setting possible to create on a stage?
4. Is it possible to have a group-act play?
Activity 3
Developing a drama script
Work together with your classmates to make a drama script based on the
chosen story. You will have more detailed information on conducting the
drama in the Project Section of this Unit.
Here are some speaking tips to prepare your performance.
1. Speak naturally and with feeling.
2. Practice show your feelings, facial expressions, and gestures to convey
feelings.

Unit 3 | Fantasy99
3. Practice your lines in front of a mirror a few times.
4. Rehearse a lines with your partner a few times before performing on
the stage.
5. Face toward the audience and your fellow actor/actress as you say
your lines.
G. Re&#6684780;ection
After learning Unit 3, this is the time for you to self-re&#6684780;ect or look back
at your learning experience. There is no right or wrong answer. Just be
honest.
1. On a scale from 1-5, how do you rate your understanding about
fantasy story? Fill up the stars.
CAN YOU?
2. Can you identify the elements of a fantasy you read and listened to?
3. Can you identify adjective clauses and reported speech in the fantasy
you read or listen to?
4. Can you understand main ideas and detailed information from texts
that are read and listened to?
5. Can you write a fantasy with an appropriate schematic structure and
linguistic features?
6. Can you share the story that you have written?

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI100
WHAT?
7. What values have you learned from this unit?
8. What is your favorite learning activity in this unit?
9. What is your least favorite learning experience in this unit?
10. How does the material you have learned in this unit relate to real-
world situations and problems?
NOW WHAT?
11. What would you like to improve?
12. What do you want to learn more in the future?
13. In your daily life, how will you apply what you have already learned?

A. SUMMARY
In units 1-3, you have learned about a narrative text in the form of a legend,
fairytale, and fantasy. A narrative text is used to entertain or amuse the
readers. A narrative text usually has the following components:
• Past tense
• Sequence words
• Action verbs
• Noun phrases
• Adverb
• Adjective clauses
• Reported speech
Languange Features
• Legend
• Folklore
• Fairy tale
• Myth
• Fantasy
• Fable
• Romance
• Mystery
Kind of
Narrative Text
Learn About
Narrative Text
It is an imaginative story with complication or problematic events and solutions toward the problems
Picture 3.9 Infographic of Narrative Text
• Visualize the character setting and events in the story
• Use facial expression and gesture
• Use media (e.g: Pictures, puppet, etc.)
Share
your
Story
• Orientation
• Complication
• Resolution
• Coda
Generic Structures
Narrative text
is written
and told to
entertain or
amuse the
readers
Social Function
Narrative
Writing Tips
• Describe the characters
and setting interestingly
• tell the story
chronologically with
compelling problem and
solution
• include dialog
• have proofreading and
feedback
Concluding
Section 1
KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN, KEBUDAYAAN,
RISET, DAN TEKNOLOGI REPUBLIK INDONESIA, 2021
Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut
untuk SMA Kelas XI
Penulis : Rida Afrilyasanti, Anik Muslikah Indriastuti
ISBN : 978-602-244-863-1

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI102
Characterization
a description or the distinctive nature or feature
(it can be physical, emotional, mental and social
qualities) of someone or something to distinguish
one individual from another.
Setting
the time and place when or where the story takes
place.
Plot the sequence of events that make up a story.
Orientation
introduction to the characters, setting and
directions of the story.
Complication struggles or problems faced by the characters.
Climax
the peak point of the problem or the highest point
of tension in the story.
Resolution the end of the story.
Moral the lesson that story teaches to the readers.
The structure of organization of story can be represented in the
&#6684777;gure below.
Picture 3.10 The structure of story organization
Climax
What is the biggest problem in the story?
Complication/Con&#6684780;ict:
• What happened to the
characters?
• What challenges did the
characters meet in the story?
Resolution:
• How did the characters solve
the problems?
• How was the ending?
Orientation:
• Who are the characters?
• When and where did the
story take place?
• How did the story start?
Coda:
• What did the character
learn?
• What do you learn from
the story?

Concluding Secion 1103
Meanwhile, the language features of a narrative writing include the use
of:
1. Action Verbs
They express action (whether it is physical or mental action) and explain
what the subject did, for example: lived, worked, made, called, etc.
2. Past tense
It is used for:
a. Actions that happened at a speci&#6684777;c time in the past
for example:
One day, the mother got a bad pain that she could not move from her
bed.
Once upon a time, on the slopes of a mountain in Jambi province, there
lived a poor mother and her three daughters.
b. A sequence of short actions
for example:
The youngest kid then went back home and gave the &#6684780;owers and the
magic pot to the shaman.
The &#6684777;rst and second childern took the prince’s snakeskin, burned it
all, and put the ash next to the youngest kid.
3. Sequence words
They are used to help readers easily connect events in a story, for example:
once upon a time, one day, before, etc.
4. Noun phrase
It is a phrase that includes a noun as the head word and modi&#6684777;ers, for
example: puss in boots, herbs for the pot, rabbits of the warren, the most
cunning cats, once upon a time, etc.
5. Adverb of time, place and manner
Adverb is a word that describes a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or
the whole sentence. Some examples of adverbs are never, &#6684777;rst, inside,
happily, perfectly, etc.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI104
6. Adjective Clauses
A clause is a group of related words that has a subject and a verb. An
adjective clause is also called a relative clause. It tells us which person or
thing (or what kind of person or thing) the speaker means, for example:
a. They did so at a great cost, including aBoxer, the horse - The horse
was wounded.
They did so at a great cost, including Boxer, the horse, who was
wounded.
b. A pig was assigned by Napoleon as an accomplice. The pig was named
Squealer.
A pig, that was named Squealer, was assigned by Napoleon as
accomplice.
We can reduce an adjective clause by omitting the relative pronoun
(who, that, or which) and the verb be. For example:
c. The Animal Farm was an award- winning novel which was written
by George Orwell.
d. The Animal Farm was an award- winning novel written by George
Orwell.
7. Reported Speech
Reported speech is used when the speaker tells someone what someone
else said.
For example:
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
“You will go away for seconds,
not hours,” Edmund said.
Edmund said that I would go
away for seconds, not hours.
“You go away for seconds, not
hours,” Edmund said.
Edmund said that I went away for
seconds, not hours.
“You are going away for seconds,
not hours,” Edmund said.
Edmund said that I was going
away for seconds, not hours.
“You went away for seconds, not
hours,” Edmund said.
Edmund said that I had gone
away for seconds, not hours.

Concluding Secion 1105
“You were going away for
seconds, not hours,” Edmund
said.
Edmund said that I had been going
away for seconds, not hours.
“You have gone away for seconds,
not hours,” Edmund said.
Edmund said that I had gone
away for seconds, not hours.
“You had gone away for seconds,
not hours,” Edmund said.
Edmund said that I had gone
away for seconds, not hours.
Furthermore, in this unit you have also learned steps in writing story.
These include the following steps.
a. Writing the &#6684777;rst draft (deciding the writing topic, choosing the
characters, planning the story setting, and jotting down the events).
b. Asking for feedback.
c. Writing the second draft (revising the draft based on the feedback).
d. Asking for another feedback.
e. Writing the third draft based on the second feedback.
f. Editing.
g. Proofreading.
h. Furnishing and &#6684777;nishing the writing.
i. Publishing the writing.
B. ENRICHMENT
For your further reading and practice, browse on the Internet and &#6684777;nd a
story entitled “The Necklace” written by Guy de Maupassant. Draw a table
with headings like these and complete the table.
Title : The Necklace
Author: Guy Maupassant
Source :
Setting:

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI106
Characters:
1
st
character’s name:
________________________
________________________
Characterization:
________________________
________________________
2
nd
character’sname:
_______________________
_______________________
Characterization:
_______________________
_______________________
3
rd
character’s name:
________________________
________________________
Characterization:
________________________
________________________
Plots
Orientation:
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
Complication:
__________________________
__________________________
Climax:
__________________________
__________________________
Resolution:
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
Moral lesson from the story:

C. PROJECT
You will have a one-class show for a drama performance. The instructions
will help you organize your performance.
1. Drama committee
a. Discuss with your classmates the distributions of the roles in your
drama committee.
b. Complete the table for the role distributions below.

Concluding Secion 1107
The Role Job Description Personnel
Producer In charge of the over all
production of the drama.
Reports directly the progress
of the drama rehearsals to the
teacher.
Assistants Work with the producer and
responsible for writing of the
drama script.
Responsible for schedules,
rehearsals and location.
Casts Learn and memorize the lines.
Interpret his/her character and
present the characterization.
Stage assistantIn charge of preparing all of the
drama’s scene transitions.Find
drama props and ensure that
they are managed properly.
Supervise the layout and
positioning of both props and
where the characters should
position during performance.
Ensure that the props are
placed and managed correctly.
Help to manage the cast
backstage during rehearsals
and performance.
Organize the move of the sets
(ensure that the set is done
according to the plot).

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI108
The Role Job Description Personnel
Costume, lights,
sound, and
make up crew
Prepare the costumes for the
cast.
Ensure that the lights suit the
needs of the drama.
Ensure that the sounds are
audible and suit the needs of
the drama.
Ensure that the make-
up is applied to the
characters according to the
characterization and plot.
Publication and
documentation
team
Be responsible for managing
the publicity of the drama.
Deal with all elements for
audiences.
Be responsible for the
documentations along drama
production process (from the
rehearsals to the performance)
2. Script Writing
a. Read the story that you and your classmates have already agreed to
use for a drama performance.
b. Write down a list of characters and their parts, including their
characterization, as well as the settings (place and time) for each
scene. Use the table below to help you plan your script.
Title:
Characters (who will be in your
drama?)
……..
……..
……..
Plot (what will happen in your
drama?)
……..
……..
……..

Concluding Secion 1109
Scene 1
What will happen?
Which characters will appear?
Where & when is the setting?
What properties will be needed?
Scene 2
What will happen?
Which characters will appear?
Where & when is the setting?
What properties will be needed?
Scene 3
What will happen?
Which characters will appear?
Where & when is the setting?
What properties will be needed?
c. Write the lines. Don’t forget to include stage directions for the casts.
3. Plan the schedule (rehearsals and performance), have
your drama practice, and perform.
D. FORMATIVE TEST
Part 1 Listening and Speaking
The Listening transcript is provided in the Teacher’s Book.
In this part of the test, you will hear some short narrative texts. The texts
and questions will be spoken twice. They will not be printed in your book,
so you must listen carefully to understand what the speakers are saying.
There are 4 (four) questions in this part. For each question, choose the
correct answer A, B, C, D, or E.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI110
1. What is the story about?
a. The character changes of a grown up son.
b. The success of a poor widow’s son.
c. The envy of a mother to her only son.
d. Retribution on an ungrateful kid.
e. A revenge from a parent.
2. How many characters are mentioned in the story?
a. 5
b. 4
c. 3
d. 2
e. 1
3. Why did Malin leave his village? Because he ...
a. was ordered to take care of a large ship.
b. insisted on going for a lot of money.
c. wanted to marry a wealthy girl.
d. wished to get better fortunes.
e. wanted to be in big cities.
4. Why did not Malin want to acknowledge his mom? Because he ...
a. did not want to go back to living in the village.
b. was not ready yet to show his true identity.
c. was too rich for having an old ugly mom.
d. did not want to go back to being poor.
e. was ashamed of his wife.
5. How did God answer Mande Rubayah’s prayer?
a. He sent thunder to hit his ship and let it sink.
b. He cursed his beautiful ship to stone.
c. He destroyed all of his wealth.
d. He turned Malin into a stone.
e. He sent wind and rain.

Concluding Secion 1111
6. What value did you learn from the legend?
a. Luxury makes you forget who you are.
b. Our best friends are our own parents.
c. Love your parents unconditionally.
d. Don’t be greedy.
e. Lies save you.
7. Give your spoken feedback. At the end of the story, Mande Rubayah
prayed to God and then, something bad immediately happened to her
son. What do you think about it? Will a mother pray something bad to
her kids? Elaborate your answer.
Part 2 Reading and Writing
Read the text and answer questions 8 - 15.
Bawang Mewah and Bawang Putih
A long time ago, there was a really wealthy merchant who lived with
his only daughter named Bawang Putih as his wife had long passed
away. Bawang Putih was so obedient, nice, and kind-hearted that
everyone loved her.
Picture 3.11 Bawang Merah and Bawang Putih

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI112
One day, in order to help him take care of his daughter, Bawang
Putih’s father married a widow. Since then, Bawang Putih had a
stepmother and a stepsister named Bawang Merah. They were
really nice to Bawang Putih when the merchant was home. However,
when he was away, they treated Bawang Putih just like a servant.
One day, the merchant had to go out of town for several weeks
for his business. Bawang Putih’s terrible days were awaiting as his
father’s away. Unfortunately, a week after his leave, a really bad news
was brought by his father’s loyal servant. He told Bawang Putih and
her new family that his father got into an accident and passed away.
Bawang Putih wept and cried. She felt miserable while Bawang
Merah and her mom were excited. They only thought about the
merchant’s properties. After her father’s death, Bawang Putih’s life
was even worse. Bawang Merah and her mother tortured her. No
one would be on her side and comfort her. After doing the house
chores for the whole day, she would cry and pray at night.
One day, her stepmother assigned her to wash her expensive
silky scarf. So, she immediately went to the river to wash that scarf
along with the other clothes. Being tired, sleepy and hungry, she
became less conscientious in her work. She lost the scarf. “Oh my
goodness, where’s my mom’s favorite scarf? How can I be so
careless? God, it’s drifting down the river. I have to get it back or my
mom will scold me.”
Bawang Putih panicked.
She went down the river
and asked everyone she met.
Then, she met an old woman
who passed by the river bank.
Bawang Putih stopped her and
asked, “Excuse me, grandma.
May I ask you?”
“Yes, my dear young lady. What
can I help you?” “I have been
Picture 3.12 Bawang Merah and Bawang Putih

Concluding Secion 1113
looking for my mom’s red silky scarf, grandma. I was sloppy that I
made the scarf drift down the river. I was wondering if you might
have seen it &#6684780;oated down the river or stuck near here, grandma.”
“Oh, that red scarf. I have it with me. I will give it to you later, but I
need your help for now. I am a bit sick today and I have not eaten
any. Can you help me prepare food and clean my house?”
Happily, Bawang Putih agreed and helped that old woman.
She cooked some food for her, looked for &#6684777;rewood, picked some
vegetables for grandma’s tomorrow’s food, cleaned the house, and
washed grandma’s clothes. Those house chores were just easy for
Bawang Putih to do as she used to do the same chores every day at
home. After &#6684777;nishing the work, grandma &#6684777;nally gave me the scarf.
“Bawang Putih, here is your mother’s red scarf that you are looking
for. And, I have a gift for you. I have two pumpkins and I will give you
one of them, just choose one that you like.”
“I am so happy to help you, grandma. And I think you need that
pumpkin more than me, you can cook it for your meals tomorrow. I
have picked you some vegetables and I think pumpkin soup will be
perfect for your side dish,” Bawang Putih smiled politely.
“I want to give you. Just pick one of them,” insisted grandmother.”
“Okay, grandma. I will take the small one.”
“Good. But, you have to remember that you can only open that
pumpkin when you are home.”
“Sure, grandma.”
Bawang Putih, then, immediately went home. Of course, as she
reached home her stepmother scolded her because she came home
so late that the dinner was not ready yet for her and Bawang Merah.
Then, Bawang Putih went to the kitchen, took a knife and cut the
pumpkin. What a surprise, the pumpkin was full of sparkling jewelry.
Bawang Putih who was innocent and kind-hearted immediately
shouted with joy and told her stepmother about it. She &#6684777;nally told
everything she did on that day.
Picture 39 Bawang Merah & Putih
https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI114
8. What does the story tell us about?
a. Two girls with matching traits.
b. A daughter’s obedience and loyalty to the family.
c. A sincerity and patience of a girl living with her step family.
d. The temptation of a mother and daughter for instant wealth.
e. The persistence of a girl in &#6684777;ghting her and her father’s rights.
9. How could Bawang Putih &#6684777;nally live with a stepmother and stepsister?
a. His father got into an accident.
b. Her parents entrusted her to them.
c. She was the only child in the family.
“Oh Bawang Putih, why didn’t you take the large one? It must
have more jewelry in it,” scolded her stepmother. Then, she told
Bawang Merah to do the same thing on the following day. The next
day, those two greedy people went to the old woman’s house where
Bawang Putih got the pumpkin from. They pretended to be nice.
They helped grandmother to do the house chores. However, they
grumbled all day long.
As they &#6684777;nished their work, the old woman asked them to pick
one of the two pumpkins. They certainly took the big one. Like what
she did with Bawang Putih, she also reminded Bawang Merah and
her mother not to open the pumpkin until they were home. They
just nodded their heads and said yes.
On the way home, they were impatient and decided to open
the pumpkin immediately. Unexpectedly, what they found from the
pumpkin were not sparkling jewelries, but venomous animals such
as snakes, scorpions, spiders, centipedes and many others. They
were both bitten by the animals and could not help themselves. You
reap what you sow.
https://www.ef.co.id/english&#6684777;rst/kids/blog/bawang-merah-bawang-putih-cerita-dongeng-pendek-bahasa-inggris/

Concluding Secion 1115
d. She did not have any other family to live with.
e. Her mother passed away and her father remarried.
10. How could Bawang Merah and her mother get different gifts inside
the pumpkin?
a. They took a different pumpkin.
b. They did not really lose the scarf.
c. They did not listen to the old woman.
d. They did not do what Bawang Putih did.
e. They were grumbling while &#6684777;nishing the work.
11. What did you learn from Bawang Putih’s character?
a. Kindness must be paid for the same thing.
b. Sincerity and honesty always bears sweet fruit.
c. Whether it’s right or wrong, elders must be obeyed.
d. Whenever there is a will, there will always be a way.
e. Someone’s characters are passed down from the parents.
12. Decide whether these statements are true (T) or false (F)
Statement T/F
a. Bawang Putih’s mother died when Bawang Putih was a
child.
b. Problems arose when Bawang Putih’s step family came to
her life.
c. Bawang Merah and her mother thought about wealth.
d. Bawang Putih initially refused the gift from the old woman
because she helped her sincerely.
e. The old woman treated Bawang Merah and her mother the
same way she treated Bawang Putih.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI116
13. Who do you think is the old woman in the story? Explain your answer,
14. In the last sentence of the story you read ‘You reap what you sow.’
What does that sentence mean? How is the sentence related to the
story? How can you apply it in your life?
15. Choose a character from the story of “Bawang Merah and Bawang
Putih”. Write a short paragraph about the character that you have
chosen. Give details that describe her/his characterization. Your
paragraph must be around 250-300 words.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Analytical Exposition Text
After learning this unit, you are expected to:
1. Identify social functions, text structures, and linguistic elements
of an analytical exposition text.
2. Create an analytical exposition text.
3. Present an analytical exposition text.
Unit
4
KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN, KEBUDAYAAN,
RISET, DAN TEKNOLOGI REPUBLIK INDONESIA, 2021
Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut
untuk SMA Kelas XI
Penulis : Rida Afrilyasanti, Anik Muslikah Indriastuti
ISBN : 978-602-244-863-1

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI118
A. My Initial Understanding
Picture 4.1 Billboards with a vaccine tagline
Look at the picture and discuss the following questions with your
classmate. Listen to your classmate carefully and respect each other’s
opinion.
1. What do you see in the picture?
2. There is a tagline in the picture. What is the purpose of the tagline in
the billboard?
3. What is your opinion about the tagline in the billboard in the picture?

Unit 4 | Analytical Exposition Text119
There are two kinds of exposition texts. They are analytical and
hortatory expositions. An analytical exposition is a text that elaborates the
writer’s idea about an issue. The social function of analytical exposition
text is to persuade the reader or the listener that something is the case,
and to analyse the topic that the thesis/opinion is correct by developing
an argument to support it.
A hortatory exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is
intended to explain to the listeners or readers that something should
or should not happen or be done. The social function of a hortatory
exposition is to persuade the reader or listener that something should or
should not be done.
The structure of an analytical exposition text is formed with three
elements: thesis, arguments, and reiteration. In this unit, you will learn
about an analytical exposition text.
B. Reading
Activity 1
Learn words below.
Vocabulary Items of Bene&#6684777;ts of Getting a Covid-19 Vaccine
No.Words Meaning
1. suggest to offer something for consideration or as a hypothesis
2. state to express in words
3. believe to accept the word or evidence of
4. mistake
a wrong action or statement proceeding from faulty
judgment, inadequate knowledge, or inattention
5. issue
something that people are talking about, thinking
about, etc. : an important subject or topic
source: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI120
Activity 2
Complete the sentences with the words on the left.
A. suggested 1. Never make any ________ that you will regret later
such as refusing to wear your face-mask.
B. states 2. The expert ________that vaccines can prevent
covid-19 from infecting your body.
C. believe 3. I don’t ________that vaccine can kill us.
D. mistakes 4. The government ________that all students get/be
vaccinated before of&#6684780;ine classes start.
E. issues 5. The ________ on Covid-19 are becoming more
complex nowadays.
Activity 3
Read the text and pay attention to the structure in the right column.
Bene&#6684777;ts of Getting a Covid-19 VaccineTitle
Have you received the Covid-19 vaccine?
Or have you been vaccinated? Or maybe
even through it’s your turn, you are
still not sure about the vaccination?
You don’t need to worry at all about
Covid-19 vaccination because, besides
being safe, the Covid-19 vaccine can also
provide many bene&#6684777;ts for you. Here are
&#6684777;ve bene&#6684777;ts of Covid-19 vaccination
that you need to know.
Thesis
First, vaccines can prevent covid-19
from infecting your body. We are actually
already familiar with vaccinations. Since
childhood we have had vaccinations and
immunizations for various diseases.
Argument 1
Thesis statement:
First, vaccines can prevent
covid-19 from infecting your
body.

Unit 4 | Analytical Exposition Text121
Bene&#6684777;ts of Getting a Covid-19 VaccineTitle
Vaccines are currently available
to protect against at least 20 diseases,
such as diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis,
in&#6684780;uenza and measles. According to
WHO, the presence of existing vaccines
is estimated to have prevented 2 to
3 million deaths each year. Covid-19
vaccination can protect you by creating
antibodies or the immune system in
the body to &#6684777;ght the SARS-Cov-2 virus
which causes The Covid-19 disease.
With these antibodies, your body
will be trained to prevent and &#6684777;ght
Covid-19 infection. Vaccination is not
a drug that completely cures Covid-19.
However, according to experts, even if
you get Covid-19 after vaccination, the
vaccine will prevent your body from
infection and the symptoms of Covid-19,
because your body now has a stronger
body defence system.
Supporting evidence:
1. Vaccines are currently
available to protect
against at least 20
diseases, such as
diphtheria, tetanus,
pertussis, in&#6684780;uenza and
measles.
2. According to WHO, the
presence of existing
vaccines is estimated to
have prevented 2 to 3
million deaths each year.
3. Covid-19 vaccination
can protect you by
creating antibodies or
the immune system in
the body to &#6684777;ght the
SARS-Cov-2 virus which
causes Covid-19 disease.
Second, vaccines can help you protect
those around you. When you are
vaccinated, you protect not only
yourself but also your family and the
people around you. This is because
not everyone can receive the Covid-19
vaccine. Currently, vaccines are only
given to those who are healthy, do not
have any serious disease, are over 18
years of age, and other requirements.
Those who cannot be vaccinated rely on
you who can be vaccinated to reduce the
spread of Covid-19. The more people
get vaccinated the less likely infected
people pass disease.
Argument 2
Thesis statement:
Second, vaccines can help
you protect those around
you.
Supporting evidence:
1. When you are vaccinated,
you protect not only
yourself but also your
family and the people
around you.
2. This is because not
everyone can receive the
Covid-19 vaccine.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI122
Bene&#6684777;ts of Getting a Covid-19 VaccineTitle
3. Those who cannot be
vaccinated rely on you
who can be vaccinated
to reduce the spread of
Covid-19.
Third, vaccines can protect and help
health workers. Did you know that the
Covid-19 pandemic makes many
hospitals burdened because of limited
facilities and resources? It is not
surprising that many hospitals reached
their capacity to admit Covid-19 and
non-Covid-19 patients. Health workers
who care for Covid-19 patients must
endure wearing Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE) for an extended period
to protect them from Covid-19. With the
advent of vaccines and more people
getting vaccinated, the infected people
and the transmission rate will certainly
decrease. This reduces the burden on
health workers and health facilities.
Health workers can dedicate their
efforts, funds and equipment to helping
patients with
severe symptoms
or other diseases
and preventing
the build-up of
patients in the
hospital.
Argument 3
Thesis statement:
Third, vaccines can
protect and help health
workers.
Supporting evidence:
1. Covid-19 pandemic
makes many hospitals
burdened because of
limited facilities and
resources
2. With the advent of
vaccines and more people
getting vaccinated, the
infected people and the
transmission rate will
certainly decrease
3. Health workers can
dedicate their efforts,
funds and equipment
to helping patients
with severe symptoms
or other diseases and
preventing the build-
up of patients in the
hospital.
Picture 4.2 Vaccine Covid-19

Unit 4 | Analytical Exposition Text123
Bene&#6684777;ts of Getting a Covid-19 VaccineTitle
Fourth, with vaccines, a pandemic
can end soon. You de&#6684777;nitely want the
pandemic to end soon, right? So now it
is time! If you get vaccinated and more
people get vaccinated against Covid-19,
there will be a greater self-defence for
so many people. This will encourage the
formation of herd immunity in which
residents in certain areas are immune
to a disease. Herd immunity will break
the chain of the Covid-19 pandemic as
more people get vaccinated. Of course,
to stop a pandemic, all resources
must be mobilized as well as possible.
Receiving vaccinations and maintaining
self-care by wearing a mask, keeping
your distance and washing your hands
will optimize the likelihood that this
pandemic will end soon.
Argument 4
Thesis statement:
Fourth, with vaccines, a
pandemic can end soon.
Supporting evidence:
1. If you get vaccinated
and the more people
get vaccinated against
Covid-19, it will be the
greater self-defence for
so many people.
2. Herd immunity will
break the chain of the
Covid-19 pandemic
as more people get
vaccinated
3. Receiving vaccinations
and maintaining self-
care by wearing a mask,
keeping your distance
and washing your
hands will optimize
the likelihood that this
pandemic will end soon.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI124
Bene&#6684777;ts of Getting a Covid-19 VaccineTitle
Fifth, vaccines can protect future
generations. By decreasing the rate of
Covid-19 infection and breaking the
chain of the Covid-19 pandemic, you
can protect future generations from the
long suffering of being infected with
this disease. This has been proven from
historical records that have taken place.
In the past, there were many diseases
caused by deadly viruses, now we
survive and live from the vaccination
of the past generations. So, this is the
time for us to become the generation
that saves future generations from this
dangerous Covid-19 disease and makes
the next generation even healthier. Are
you one of the saviours?
Argument 5
Thesis statement:
Fifth, vaccines can protect
future generations
Supporting evidence:
1. By decreasing the rate of
Covid-19 infection and
breaking the chain of
the Covid-19 pandemic,
you can protect future
generations from the
long suffering of being
infected with this disease
2. In the past there were
so many diseases caused
by deadly viruses, with
the presence of vaccines,
we are a generation
that lives on from the
vaccination struggles of
previous generations.
The &#6684777;ve bene&#6684777;ts above are some of
many bene&#6684777;ts of getting vaccine. There
are indeed many other bene&#6684777;ts of
getting vaccine.
source: https://corona.jakarta.go.id/en/artikel/5-manfaat-vaksinasi-covid-19-
yang-wajib-diketahui
Reiteration

Unit 4 | Analytical Exposition Text125
Activity 4
Work in pairs and discuss.
Access and retrieve
1. What is the &#6684777;rst paragraph about?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
2. How many bene&#6684777;ts of getting the Covid-19 vaccine are mentioned?
a. two
b. three
c. four
d. &#6684777;ve
e. six
Integrate and interpret
3. What is the writer’s opinion about the vaccination?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
4. How many arguments does the writer state? What are they?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
5. What data does the writer present to support the argument?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
Re&#6684780;ect and evaluate
6. “Third, vaccines can protect and help health workers.” (p. 4) Do you
agree with this statement? Explain your answer.
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
7. Do you think that the last sentence of the text is an appropriate
reiteration of the thesis?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI126
Activity 5
Read and understand some key concept materials given below.
The text entitled “Bene&#6684777;ts of Getting a Covid-19 Vaccine” is an analytical
exposition text. The purposes of an analytical exposition text are (1)
to analyse a topic and to convince/in&#6684780;uence readers that an opinion
is correct and supported by arguments; (2) to convince that the topic
presented is an important topic to be discussed.
The text entitled “Bene&#6684777;ts of Getting a Covid-19 Vaccine” includes all
the structure of an analytical exposition text. They are: thesis, arguments,
and reiteration.
Structure of an analytical exposition text.
a. Thesis: it contains the writer’s opinion about something. It also
introduces topic and indicates the writer’s position.
b. Arguments: it contains the arguments to support the writer’s
position. The number of arguments may vary, but each argument
must be supported by evidence and explanation.
c. Reiteration: it restates the writer’s position to strengthen the
thesis, rewrites the main idea of a text as the closing of the text
without invitation or recommendation.
Some phrases to make a conclusion in reiteration such as:
• In conclusion …
• From the fact above …
• Therefore, my conclusion is …
• From the arguments above, I personally believe …

Unit 4 | Analytical Exposition Text127
After reading the text, you will &#6684777;nd some expressions to start sentences
in arguments. They are, among others.
Activity 6
According to
Think
First
Because
From the arguments above
Make sentences using the words in the box above.
1. __________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________________________________
5. __________________________________________________________________________
There are some language features in an analytical exposition text.
They are:
1. Simple Present Tense.
2. A focus on one issue (e.g. why something is important; why
someone is interested to do something).
3. Expressions to state a belief or an opinion (e.g. I believe …; I think
…; In my opinion …)
4. Conjunctions to show logical relations between arguments
presented:

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI128
Take a closer look at the text entitled “Bene&#6684777;ts of Getting a Covid-19
Vaccine” again. Every argument has its supporting evidence.
Now, write the supporting evidence for the following arguments.
1. Argument: the pandemic causes some people lose their jobs.
Supporting evidence 1: ____________________________________________________
Supporting evidence 2: ____________________________________________________
2. Argument: the pandemic opens new jobs.
Supporting evidence 1: ____________________________________________________
Supporting evidence 2: ____________________________________________________
3. Argument: the pandemic causes secondary needs to increase.
Supporting evidence 1: ____________________________________________________
Supporting evidence 2: ____________________________________________________
a. Temporal conjunctions. (e.g. First, Second, Third)
b. Causal conjunctions. (e.g. because, lead to, the consequence
of ...)
c. Comparative conjunctions. (e.g. however, on the other hand)
d. Conjunctions in a concluding statement. (e.g. consequently,
therefore)
5. Modal verbs. (e.g. start; develop)
6. Relational processes. (e.g. be, become, seem, remain, sound,
weigh, make, ensure, taste (like), turn into, represent, constitute,
express, signify, stand for)
7. Evidence and opinions from experts to support arguments and
to make the arguments powerful.
8. Ordinal number to sequence the arguments (e.g. &#6684777;rst, second,
third)
Emilia, E. (2016). Pendekatan Berbasis Teks dalam Pengajaran Bahasa. Cetakan Ketiga. Bandung: Pustaka Jaya.

Unit 4 | Analytical Exposition Text129
Activity 7
Decide whether the sentence is based on fact or opinion by putting a
tick (√) in the right column.
No. Sentences FactOpinion
1.Vaccines are currently available to protect
against at least 20 diseases, such as
diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, in&#6684780;uenza and
measles.
1. Fact is an actual thing that exists and is provable, observable,
and measurable. Signal words of fact are: numbers, statistics,
veri&#6684777;ed, con&#6684777;rms, discovered, eyewitness, corroborate, according
to, demonstrated, record, and substantive, prove, photographs,
etc.
Example:
According to WHO, the presence of existing vaccines is estimated
to have prevented 2 to 3 million deaths each year.
The Signal words are according to, estimated, 2 to 3 milion, each
year.
2. Opinion is a personal belief or judgement that is not founded
on proof or certainty. An opinion is based on what you think or
how you feel. Signal words of opinion are: always/never, claimed,
good/bad, believe, for/against, think, view, argues, terrible,
de&#6684777;nitely, suspect, always, never, might, should, better/best/
worst, guess, oppose/support, interpretation, point of view, etc.
Example:
They believe that getting a vaccine will protect people.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI130
No. Sentences FactOpinion
2.However, according to experts, even if you
get Covid-19 after vaccination, the vaccine
will prevent your body from infection and
the symptoms of Covid-19, because your
body now has a stronger body defence
system.
3.When you are vaccinated, you protect not
only yourself but also your family and the
people around you.
4.It is not surprising that many hospitals have
reached their capacity to accept Covid-19
and non-Covid-19 patients.
5. Receiving vaccinations and maintaining
self-care by wearing a mask, keeping your
distance and washing your hands will
optimize the likelihood that this pandemic
will end soon.
Activity 8
Work in pairs. Discuss the following questions.
Imagine that in the midst of Covid-19 pandemic you have to be in a bus
station and there are some people who do not wear mask.
1. What will you do?
2. What will be the reason for doing that?
You can write down your answer below or simply discuss it with a partner.
Listen to each other seriously and respect one another.
Your Writing:
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Unit 4 | Analytical Exposition Text131
C. Listening
Activity 1
Look at the picture and answer the questions.
Picture 4.3 unhealthy environment
1. What do you see in the picture?
2. Have you ever found your surroundings dirty and full of trash?
3. What should you do if you &#6684777;nd a river in your neighbourhood full of
garbage?

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI132
Activity 2
Find the meaning of the words below using a dictionary.
No. Words Meaning
1. exposure
2. alteration
3. expectancy
4.ef&#6684777;cacy
5. runoff
Activity 3
Listen to the recording below.
The Listening transcript is provided in the Teacher’s Book.
Reasons Why a Healthy Environment
should be a Human Right
World Health Organization estimates that 23 per cent of all
deaths are linked to “environmental risks” like air pollution, water
contamination and chemical exposure. Here are some of the ways
that a compromised planet is now compromising the human right to
health.
First, the destruction of wild spaces facilitates the emergence of
zoonotic diseases. The alteration of land to create space for homes,
farms and industries has put humans in increasing contact with
wildlife and has created opportunities for pathogens to spill over
from wild animals to people. An estimated 60 per cent of human
infections are of animal origin. And there are plenty of other viruses
poised to jump from animals to humans.

Unit 4 | Analytical Exposition Text133
Second, air pollution reduces the quality of health and lowers life
expectancy. Across the globe, nine in 10 people are breathing unclean
air, harming their health and shortening their life span. Every year,
about 7 million people die from diseases and infections related to air
pollution, more than &#6684777;ve times the number of people who perish in
road traf&#6684777;c collisions.
Third, biodiversity loss compromises the nutritional value of
food. In the last 50 years alone, human diets have become 37 per cent
more similar, with just 12 crops and &#6684777;ve animal species providing
75 per cent of the world’s energy intake. Today, nearly one in three
people suffer froms some form of malnutrition and much of the
world’s population is affected by diet-related diseases, such as heart
diseases, diabetes and cancer.
Fourth, biodiversity loss also reduces the scope and ef&#6684777;cacy of
medicines. Natural products comprise a large portion of existing
pharmaceuticals and have been particularly important in the area
of cancer therapy. But estimates suggest that 15,000 medicinal plant
species are at risk of extinction and that the Earth loses at least one
potential major drug every two years.
Fifth, pollution is threatening billions worldwide. Many health
issues spring from pollution and the idea that waste can be thrown
“away” when, in fact, much of it remains in ecosystems, affecting both
environmental and human health. Water contaminated by waste,
untreated sewage, agricultural runoff and industrial discharge puts
1.8 billion people at risk of contracting cholera, dysentery, typhoid
and polio.
Sixth, climate change introduces additional risks to health and
safety. The last decade was the hottest in human history and we
are already experiencing the impacts of climate change, with wild&#6684777;res,
&#6684780;oods and hurricanes becoming regular events that threaten lives,
livelihoods and food security. Climate change also affects the survival
of microbes, facilitating the spread of viruses. According to an
article published by the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform
on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, “pandemics are likely to

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI134
Listen to the recording again and then discuss the structure of the
recorded text in pairs.
Thesis
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Argument
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Reiteration
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Activity 4
Listen to recording text entitled “Reasons Why a Healthy
Environment Should be a Human Right” and answer the
questions.
1. Why is this issue important?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
2. What are the root causes of this problem?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
happen more frequently, spread more rapidly, have greater economic
impact and kill more people.”
Statistics like that are the reason why the United Nations Human
Rights Council recently passed a resolution reaf&#6684777;rming states’
obligations to protect human rights, including taking stronger actions
on environmental challenges.
Source: https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/six-reasons-why-healthy-environment-should-be-human-right

Unit 4 | Analytical Exposition Text135
3. Who or what is affected?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
4. Is there any solution available?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
5. What can or should be done about it?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
Activity 5
State whether the statements are True (T) or False (F).
1. 25 per cent of all deaths are linked to “environmental
risks” like air pollution, water contamination and chemical
exposure.
2. An estimated 60 per cent of human infections are of animal
origins.
3. Across the globe, nine in 10 people are breathing unclean
air, harming their health and shortening their life span.
4. Nearly one in three people suffer froms some form of
malnutrition and much of the world’s population is affected
by diet-related diseases, such as heart diseases, diabetes
and cancer.
5. 15,000 medicinal plant species are at risk of extinction and
that the Earth loses at least one potential major drug every
two years.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI136
D. Grammar focus
Simple Present Tense
Activity 1
Simple present tense
The present simple is usually the &#6684777;rst tense English students learn. You
can use it to talk about yourself and other people – as well as things that
occur habitually in the present.
In the present simple, the base form of the verb is the same for every
subject pronoun, except the third person, where you add an “s” to the end
of the verb.
source: https://oxfordhousebcn.com/en/what-are-the-4-present-tenses-in-english-and-how-do-you-use-them/
Simple present forms
__ Plural Singular
Statement
Vaccines save millions
of lives each year.
Vaccine saves millions of
lives each year.
Question
Do vaccines save
millions of lives each
year?
Does vaccine saves
millions of lives each year?
Negative
Vaccines do not save
millions of lives each
year.
Vaccine does not save
millions of lives each year.

Unit 4 | Analytical Exposition Text137
Simple Present Uses
-- Example
Repeated Actions I get the P&#6684777;zer vaccine twice.
Facts or Generalizations No vaccine is 100% protective.
give instructions or
directions
Go to COVID-19 vaccination location then
get a vaccine.
&#6684777;xed arrangements,
present or future
Your schedule to get the &#6684777;rst vaccine is
tomorrow at 09.00.
future time, after some
conjunctions: after, when,
before, as soon as, until
It is important to be vaccinated as soon
as possible. Once it is your turn, you
cannot wait anymore?
Now (Non-Continuous
Verbs)
I get P&#6684777;zer vaccine now.
Activity 2
An analytical exposition text usually uses simple present tense
form. Choose the correct words in bold by circling the answer.
1. The destruction of wild spaces facilitates/facilitate the emergence
of zoonotic diseases.
2. Air pollution reduces/reduce the quality of health and lowers life
expectancy.
3. Biodiversity loss compromises/compromise the nutritional value
of food.
4. Biodiversity loss also reduces/reduce the scope and ef&#6684777;cacy of
medicines.
5. Climate change introduces/introduce additional risks to health and
safety.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI138
Internal Conjunction
Activity 3
In analytical exposition text, we use internal conjunction to state
argument. Pay attention to the words in bold below
a) But estimates suggest that 15,000 medicinal plant species are at risk
of extinction and that the Earth loses at least one potential major drug
every two years.
b) It is important to be vaccinated as soon as possible once it’s your turn
and not wait.
All of the sentences (a) and (b) are using a conjunction. A conjunction
is a part of speech that is used to connect words, phrases, clauses, or
sentences. Conjunctions are considered to be a grammar particle, and
they may or may not stand between items they conjoin.
There are a few important;
a. Conjunctions are for connecting thoughts, actions, and ideas as well
as nouns, clauses, and other parts of speech.
b. Conjunctions are useful for making lists.
c. When using conjunctions, make sure that all the parts of your
sentences agree.
Now, make three sentences using conjunctions.
Answer:
1. ________________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 4 | Analytical Exposition Text139
Relational Processes
Activity 4
An analytical exposition text sometimes includes relational processes. A
relational process is concerned with being, possessing, or becoming. The
relational process is either identi&#6684777;es something (identi&#6684777;ying) or gives
attributes to something (attributive). Here are some example of words
which are often used relational processes are: be, become, seem, remain,
sound, weigh, make, ensure, taste (like), turn into, represent, constitute,
express, signify, stand for.
Now, make three sentences with relational processes using the words in
the above example.
Answer:
1. ________________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________________
E. Writing
Activity 1
Pay careful attention to the direction.
Direction:
1. Choose on from the topics below:
a. Environmental Awareness
b. Health
2. Draw a mind map of your topic.
3. Write a thesis, arguments, and a reiteration for your topic.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI140
4. Organize the thesis, arguments, and reiteration into a structure of an
analytical exposition.
5. Write your draft by &#6684777;lling out the structure.
Your draft is here.
Tittle
Thesis
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Arguments 1
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Arguments 2
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Arguments ...
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Reiteration
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 4 | Analytical Exposition Text141
Activity 2
Check your grammar and makes sure the order of your arguments
is indicators.
Your draft is here.
Tittle
Thesis
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Arguments 1
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Arguments 2
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Arguments ...
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Reiteration
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI142
Activity 3
Swap your work with your classmate to see whether your work
readable. Ask your classmate and your teacher to give comments
for improvement on your writing.
a. Classmate comments
b. Teacher comments
Your classmate comments are here:
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Your classmate comments are here:
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Unit 4 | Analytical Exposition Text143
F. Speaking
Activity 1
Practice the dialogue below with your classmate.
Najib : Tom, have you &#6684777;nished your project last week?
Tom : No, not yet, Najib. It is still on progress.
Najib : Did you &#6684777;nd any dif&#6684777;culties in &#6684777;nishing your project?
Tom : Yes. I think this project is very dif&#6684777;cult.
Najib : Why?
Tom : First, the time is very short. I am running out the time. I haven’t
&#6684777;nished searching the material for the project. Second, I &#6684777;nd it
dif&#6684777;cult to arrange my presentation. Third, I couldn’t make my
text simple so there are too many slides in my presentation. So, I
thought I would get a bad score again this time.
Najib : Don’t worry, Tom. I will help you.
Tom : How? Tomorrow is the due date and I am still in the midst of my
project.
Najib : Just come to my house. I’ll help you. The Wi-Fi at our house is
strong, too, so you can search for materials. First, show the Power
Point that you have used. Second, I will read it and help you
choose items that might not be necessary for your presentation
so you may have fewer slides.
Tom : Oh, thank so much, Najib. You are my best friend as always.
Najib : No worries mate.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI144
Activity 2
Answer the questions based on the dialogue.
1. What is the dialogue about?
Answer: ______________________________________________
2. What makes Tom feel that way?
Answer: ______________________________________________
3. How many arguments does Tom state? What are they?
Answer: ______________________________________________
4. What do you think about Tom?
Answer: ______________________________________________
Activity 3
Now, take a look at your &#6684777;nal draft in Writing Section Activity 2
and 3 before presenting your essay in front of your class.
Use the checklist (√) below to see whether your &#6684777;nal draft is ready to
present.
My &#6684777;nal draft
Well
done
Not
sure
Need
improvement
My PowerPoint includes a few
texts.
My font is not too little/too large.
My PowerPoint has soft colour.
My PowerPoint has images to
avoid a boring presentation.
I connect my ideas well.

Unit 4 | Analytical Exposition Text145
Activity 4
Now, it’s time to present your draft in front of the class. Don’t
forget to take a note when you get any comments in your
presentation.
G. Re&#6684780;ection
You have completed Unit 4 and it is important to re&#6684780;ect on your learning
experience. Re&#6684780;ect on your learning process and the progress that you
have made by answering the following questions.
1. On a scale from 1-5, how do you rate your understanding about
Analytical exposition text? Color in the stars.
CAN YOU?
2. Can you identify the social functions of analytical exposition text?
3. Can you identify the text structures of analytical exposition text?
4. Can you identify the linguistics elements of analytical exposition text?
5. Can you write an analytical exposition text with an appropriate
schematic structure and linguistic features?
6. Can you present the text that you have written orally in the classroom?
WHAT?
7. What have you learned from this unit?
8. What are your favourite learning activities in this unit?

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI146
9. What are your least favourite learning experiences in this unit?
10. How do the materials you have learned in this unit relate to real-world
situations and problems?
NOW WHAT
11. What would you like to improve?
12. What do you want to learn more about?
13. How do the materials you have learned in this unit relate to real-world
situations and problems?

Hortatory Exposition Text
After learning this unit, you are expected to:
1. Identify social functions, text structure, and linguistic elements of
a hortatory exposition text.
2. Write a hortatory exposition text.
3. Present a hortatory exposition text.
Unit
5
KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN, KEBUDAYAAN,
RISET, DAN TEKNOLOGI REPUBLIK INDONESIA, 2021
Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut
untuk SMA Kelas XI
Penulis : Rida Afrilyasanti, Anik Muslikah Indriastuti
ISBN : 978-602-244-863-1

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI148
A. My Initial Understanding
Look at the picture and discuss the following questions with your classmate.
Listen to your classmate carefully, and respect each other’s opinions.
1. What can you see in the picture?
2. What is your opinion about the picture?
3. Why should everyone wear a mask in the of&#6684777;ce?
As mentioned in Chapter 4, there are two types of exposition texts.
They are analytical and hortatory exposition. They have quite different
functions. In an analytical exposition, a reiteration is used to give
emphasize on the writer’s opinion by restating thw point of view. While
in a hortatory exposition, recommendation is used to give advice or
suggestion to the readers.
A hortatory exposition text is used to persuade people to do something.
To strengthen the thesis, the speaker or writer needs some arguments.
Picture 5.1 A young lady wears a mask and uses hand sanitizer

Unit 5 | Hortatory Exposition Text149
This part with arguments is called argumentation. The argumentation
provides the reasons for the thesis of the hortatory exposition.
Hortatory exposition texts can be found in scienti&#6684777;c books, journals,
magazines, newspaper articles, academic speech or lectures, research
report etc. Hortatory expositions are popular among people in the
science, academic community. The text asserts something to the readers
and supports it with statements and evidence so that it is convincing. To
make the persuasion stronger, the speaker or writer provides arguments
which build the fundamental reasons why something should be done.
The structure of a hortatory exposition text is formed from three
elements: thesis, arguments, and recommendation. In this unit, you will
learn about a hortatory exposition text.
B. Reading
Activity 1
Learn words below.
No. Words Meaning
1. Reason A statement or fact that explains why something
is the way it is, why someone does, thinks, or says
something, or why someone behaves a certain
way
2. Agree To concur in (something, such as an opinion)
3. Booster An auxiliary device for increasing force, power,
pressure, or effectiveness
4.Signi&#6684777;cantImportant enough to be noticed or have an effect
5. Energy The physical or mental strength that allows you
to do things
Source: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI150
Activity 2
Read these sentences. All of the sentences are connected to one
topic. Pay attention to the word in bold.
1. For some reasons, I think that drinking coffee in the morning is not
good enough to start my day because I usually feel sleepy after
drinking it.
2. Some of my friends agree with my statement, but some others do not.
3. Richard, one of my friends who do not agree with my statement, said
that drinking coffee in the morning could boost his mood the entire
day because he could do his task better after drinking coffee in the
morning.
4. Meanwhile, Wendy, my classmate who agrees with me, claimed that
drinking a glass of milk has a signi&#6684777;cant effect on his mood the whole
day rather than drinking a cup of coffee.
5. Therefore, I never drink coffee before doing my activities.
Fill in the blanks with the word in bold.
1. I don’t ________ with the statement that we should take a bath before
sleeping.
2. For some reasons, taking a bath before sleeping every day is/isn’t
________ because there are millions of people in the world who suffer
from lack of water and food.
3. Some people are full of __________ to make a living and can’t afford
enough clean water in their everyday life.
4. Using water as needed has a __________ effect if it is done by many
people around the world.
5. Did the fact that we live in a land where there is plenty of water can
__________ your gratitude to God.

Unit 5 | Hortatory Exposition Text151
Activity 3
Read the text and pay attention to the structure in the right
column.
Students should be Allowed to Use
Mobile Technologies in Class
Title
For hundreds of years, education has been
closely connected to writing. Professors
had been writing down their lectures, and
students had been keeping notes after their
teachers. Goose feathers and parchment
changed to ballpoint pens and paper. With
the emergence and development of mobile
technologies, students nowadays tend to
use smartphones or laptops in class more
often than pens and paper. There are many
arguments in favour of doing so.
Thesis
First of all, let us face reality: people do
not write as much today as they used to
several years ago. This is especially true
in the case of the youth: teenagers and
young adults tend to feel more con&#6684777;dent
and comfortable typing on their devices
rather than with handwriting. Keeping
records after a teacher in class requires
a student to write extremely fast, which
often decreases the readability of the notes
taken. Sometimes it can be extremely
dif&#6684777;cult for a student to understand what
he or she hurriedly wrote down in class.
At the same time, typing on a smartphone
or laptop helps write the important
information down in a comprehensible
and accurate way. Also, handwriting
always involves grammatical mistakes,
typos, blots, and so on.
Argument 1
Thesis statement:
First of all, let us face
reality: people do not
write as much today
as they used to several
years ago
Supporting evidence:
teenagers and young
adults tend to feel
more con&#6684777;dent and
comfortable typing on
their devices typing
on a smartphone or
laptop helps write the
important information
down in comperhensible

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI152
Students should be Allowed to Use
Mobile Technologies in Class
Title
and accurate way
handwriting always
involves grammatical
mistakes, typos, blots,
and so on
Secondly, technology is something youth
nowadays have got so accustomed to that
without it, they operate less ef&#6684777;ciently.
Students are native to such devices as
smartphones, laptops, tablets, and other
gadgets, and naturally incorporate them
in whatever they do, be it leisure time or
studying. Not allowing students to use
smartphone and laptop in class means to
deprive them of something that is almost
a part of them and of their daily lives. If
young people know how to use technology
to their advantage and increase their
studying effectiveness with its help, why
forbid them from doing it?
Argument 2
Thesis statement:
Secondly, technology
is something youth
nowadays have got so
accustomed to that
without it, they operate
less ef&#6684777;ciently.
Supporting evidence:
1. Students are native
to such devices as
smartphones, laptops,
tablets, and other
gadgets, and naturally
incorporate them in
whatever they do,
be it leisure time or
studying.
2. Not allowing students
to use tablets in class
means to deprive them
of something that is
almost a part of them
and of their daily lives.

Unit 5 | Hortatory Exposition Text153
Students should be Allowed to Use
Mobile Technologies in Class
Title
Thirdly, the use of mobile technologies
helps make the studying process more
engaging for students. For example, there
are teachers who like to illustrate their
lectures with photographs, charts, or
interactive graphics. If students are using
smartphone or laptop, a teacher can send
them supplementary educational materials
via email or in social media. Or, students
may be able to look up contradictory and/
or insuf&#6684777;cient information during the
course or a lecture, and ask questions
immediately. Smartphone and laptop also
allow changing the format of teaching.
Some teachers develop experimental
ways of lecturing, and these new methods
tend to show promising results. Needless
to say such formats of studying are more
appealing to young people who value
their freedom and time, and prove to be
extremely effective.
Argument 3
Thesis statement:
Thirdly, the usage of
mobile technologies
helps make the studying
process more engaging
for students.
Supporting evidence:
1. There are teachers
who like to illustrate
their lectures with
photographs, charts,
or interactive graphics.
2. If students are using
smartphone or laptop,
a teacher can send
them supplementary
educational materials
via email or in social
media.
3. Some teachers develop
experimental ways of
lecturing, and these
new methods tend
to show promising
results.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI154
Students should be Allowed to Use
Mobile Technologies in Class
Title
Based on the arguments above, allowing
students to use smartphone and
laptop in class would be a small but
substantial change. Modern students are
digital natives, and can effectively use
technologies to their advantage. They
would be able to not just take notes on
lectures more effectively, but would also
eagerly engage in new forms of studying
such as remote studying, using interactive
online materials, and so on.
Adapted from https://templatelab.com/persuasive-essay/#google_vignette
Recommendation
Activity 4
Work in pairs and discuss.
Access and retrieve
1. Which of the following describes the idea that smartphones and
laptops are allowed in class?
a. Buying a laptop is expensive for students.
b. Replacing goose feathers and parchment into ballpoint pens and
paper is a good solution.
c. Using conventional methods is gradually becoming obsolete
d. Students tend to use laptops in class more often than pens and
paper.

Unit 5 | Hortatory Exposition Text155
2. “With the emergence and development of mobile technologies,
students nowadays tend to use smartphones or laptops in class more
often than pens and paper.” (p. 1)
According to the statement, what will replace pens and paper?
a. a laptop
b. a book
c. goose feathers and parchment
d. a computer
Integrate and interpret
3. How many arguments does the writer state? What are they?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
4. What data does the writer resent to support the argument?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
5. What does the argument tell us about the writer’s opinion?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
Re&#6684780;ect and evaluate
6. “First of all, let us face reality: people do not write as much today as
they used to several years ago.” (p. 2) Do you agree with this statement?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
7. What recommendations are given by the writer?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
8. “Not allowing students to use smartphones and laptops in class means
to deprive them of something that is almost a part of them and of
their daily lives.” The word in bold means_______________________________

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI156
Activity 5
Read and understand some key concept materials given below.
The text entitled “Students Should be Allowed to Use Mobile Technologies
in Class” is a hortatory exposition text. The purpose of a hortatory
exposition text is to give advice or suggestion to the readers in making a
choice based on the presented arguments.
The text entitled “Students Should be Allowed to Use Mobile
Technologies in Class” includes all the elements of the structure
of a hortatory exposition text. They are: thesis, arguments, and
recommendation of the thesis.
Activity 6
Structure of a hortatory exposition text.
a. Thesis: presents the announcement of issue of concern.
b. Arguments: presents the reasons for concern, leading to
recommendation.
c. Recommendation: presents the statement of what ought or
ought not to happen, the author tries to invite and persuade the
reader to do something.
There are some language features in a hortatory exposition text.
They are:
1. Simple Present Tense.
2. Abstract nouns (e.g. belief, consideration)
3. Action verbs (e.g. talk, watch)
4. Thinking verbs.
5. Modal. (e.g.: certainly, surely)
6. Temporal connectives. (e.g.: &#6684777;rstly, secondly)
7. Evaluative words. (e.g.: important, valuable, trustworthy)
8. Passive voice.

Unit 5 | Hortatory Exposition Text157
Take a closer look at the text entitled “Students Should be Allowed to Use
Mobile Technologies in Class” again. You will &#6684777;nd the language features in
the text.
Students should be allowed to use mobile technologies in class
For hundreds of years, education has been closely connected to
writing. Professors had been writing down their lectures, and students
had been keeping notes after their teachers. Goose feathers and
parchment changed to ballpoint pens and paper. With the emergence
and development of mobile technologies, students nowadays tend to
use smartphones or laptops in class more often than pens and paper.
There are many arguments in favour of doing so.
First of all, let us face reality: people do not write as much today as
they used to several years ago. This is especially true in the case of the
youth: teenagers and young adults tend to feel more con&#6684777;dent and
comfortable typing on their devices rather than with handwriting.
Keeping records after a teacher in class requires a student to write
extremely fast, which often decreases the readability of the notes taken.
Sometimes it can be extremely dif&#6684777;cult for a student to understand
what he or she hurriedly wrote down in class. At the same time, typing
on a smartphone or laptop helps write the important information
down in a comprehensible and accurate way. Also, handwriting always
involves grammatical mistakes, typos, blots, and so on.
Secondly, technology is something youth nowadays have got so
accustomed to that without it, they operate less ef&#6684777;ciently. Students
are native to such devices as smartphones, laptops, tablets, and other
gadgets, and naturally incorporate them in whatever they do, be it
leisure time or studying. Not allowing students to use smartphone or
tablet in class means to deprive them of something that is almost a
part of them and of their daily lives. If young people know how to use
technology to their advantage and increase their studying effectiveness
with its help, why forbid them from doing it?

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI158
Thirdly, the use of mobile technologies helps make the studying
process more engaging for students. For example, there are teachers
who like to illustrate their lectures with photographs, charts, or
interactive graphics. If students are using smartphone or laptop, a
teacher can send them supplementary educational materials via email
or in social media. Or, students may be able to look up contradictory
and/or insuf&#6684777;cient information during the course or a lecture, and ask
questions immediately. Smartphone and laptop also allow changing
the format of teaching. Some teachers develop experimental ways of
lecturing, and these new methods tend to show promising results.
Needless to say such formats of studying are more appealing to young
people who value their freedom and time, and prove to be extremely
effective.
Based on the arguments above, allowing students to use smartphone
and laptop in class would be a small but substantial change. Modern
students are digital natives, and can effectively use technologies to
their advantage. They would be able to not just take notes on lectures
more effectively, but would also eagerly engage in new forms of
studying such as remote studying, using interactive online materials,
and so on.
Source https://templatelab.com/persuasive-essay/#google_vignette
Pay attention to the word in bold and explain their language features and
functions in a hortatory exposition text.
No. Words/phrases Explanation
1 For hundreds of years,
2 First of all,
3 Secondly,
4Less ef&#6684777;ciently
5 Write
6 Helps
7 Substantial

Unit 5 | Hortatory Exposition Text159
Activity 7
An action verb is a word that shows what someone or something
is doing.
Put a tick (√) on sentences that contain action verbs.
No. Words Yes No
1.
For hundreds of years, education has been closely
connected to writing.
2.
Handwriting always involves grammatical
mistakes, typos, blots, and so on.
3.
Smartphone and laptop also allow changing the
format of teaching.
4.
Some teachers develop experimental ways of
lecturing, and these new methods tend to show
promising results.
5.
Students may be able to look up contradictory
and/or insuf&#6684777;cient information during the course
or a lecture, and ask questions immediately.
Activity 8
An abstract noun is a type of noun that refers to things that have
no physical form. This means we cannot see, touch, taste, smell,
or hear. It cannot be experienced with our senses. It denotes an
idea, concept, quality, emotions, feelings, attributes, movements,
events, action, or state.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI160
In the right columns, put a tick (√) on the action verbs.
No. Words Yes No
1. Notes
2. Knowledge
3. Methods
4. Exception
5. Graphics
C. Listening
Activity 1
Look at the picture and answer the questions.
Picture 5.2 Health target welness road HEALTH
EXERCISE
WELLNESS
NUTRITION
REST
POSITIVE THINKING
Wellness road
Live river

Unit 5 | Hortatory Exposition Text161
1. What can you see in the picture?
2. To become a healthy student, what do you have to do?
3. Do you usually excercise? If so, how many times a week?
4. Do you agree that someone must have a positive mindset to become
healthy?
5. Do you think that eating junk food will increase the chance of getting
sick? Explain your opinion.
Activity 2
Find the meaning of the words below using a dictionary.
No. Words Meaning
1. Associate
2. Composition
3. Bandwagon
4.Immunode&#6684777;ciency
5. Vigour
Activity 3
Listen to the recording below.
Listen to the recording again and then discuss the structure of
the recording in pairs. The listening transcript is provided in the
Teacher’s Book.
Thesis
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Argument
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Reiteration
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI162
Activity 4
Listen to recording of the text entitled “What is good nutrition
and why is it important?” and answer the questions.
1. What is the recording about?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
2. What is the speaker solution to junk food and snacks?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
3. What do tomatoes and berries do to our body?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
4. “Eating the right food can actually make you happier “(p.6) Do you
agree with this statement? Explain your answer.
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
5. What is the speaker’s recommendation?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
Activity 5
In the right column, write T for correct, and F for incorrect
statements.
1. Healthy eating is about less fried food, less sugar and
more vegetables and fruits.
2. Nutrition is an essential aspect of a healthy lifestyle.
3. Tomatoes and berries can increase vigour and improve
cognitive performance.
4. Eating the right foods can make us happier.
5. 1 in 7 people suffers from diabetes.

Unit 5 | Hortatory Exposition Text163
Activity 6
Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.
Imagine that you are overweight and you really want to lose weight.
a. What will you do?
b. What made you choose that action?
You can write down your answer below or simply discuss it with a partner.
Remember to respect each other or each other’s opinions.
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
D. Grammar focus
Adverb
Activity 1
Modal adverb is an adverb that quali&#6684777;es a predicate with respect
to way in which it is true. Modal adverbs also add additional
meaning to modal verbs.
Example:
1. That controversial book surely won’t gain any pro&#6684777;t.
2. Undoubtedly, the huge number of protests has had an effect on
support for the launching of the book.
3. It is plainly raining too hard today for the match to go on.
4. Fortunately, the match can easily be postponed until next Saturday.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI164
In the &#6684777;rst sentence, the adverb surely modi&#6684777;es the verb will
not or won’t. In the second sentence, undoubtedly at the beginning of
the sentence actually modi&#6684777;es has had, which appears later. In the third
sentence, verb phrase is raining, and the modal adverb plainly adds
emphasis.
In the fourth sentence, the entire verb phrase is can be postponed,
and there are two adverbs: fortunately and easily.
Degree of
certainty
Modal
verbs
Modal
adverbs
Construct prompts
Strong
will
shall
must
certainly
undoubtedly
de&#6684777;nitely
You will do …
you must do …
… is de&#6684777;nitely …
Moderate
should
would
can
ought
probably
generally
usually
I probably will …
usually in these instances,
… you should do …
Hesitant
might
may
could
occasionally
possibly
Occasionally I could …
It might be the case that …
Write three sentences using modal adverbs.
Answer:
1. ________________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 5 | Hortatory Exposition Text165
Activity 2
Decide whether the sentence contains modal advebs by putting
a tick (√) in the right column.
No. Sentence Yes No
1.
A lot of us mistakenly associate weight loss with fad
diets, but eating a nutritious diet is really the best
way to go about maintaining a healthy weight and
at the same time attaining the necessary nutrients
for a healthy body function.
2.
Our immune system requires essential vitamins
and minerals to function optimally.
3.
Eating a wholesome and varied diet ensures your
immune system functions at peak performance and
guards against illnesses and immunode&#6684777;ciency
problems.
4.
Eating the right foods can actually make you
happier – nutrients such as iron and omega-3
fatty acids found in protein-rich food can boost
your mood.
5.
Healthy eating is all about eating balanced
proportions of nutrient-rich foods from the
various food groups, as well as adopting several
healthy eating habits.
Temporal Connectives or Time Connectives
Activity 3
In a hortatory exposition text, we use temporal connectives or time
connectives. Time connectives are words or phrases which are used to
tell readers when something is happening. The readers join phrases or
sentences together to help us understand when something is happening.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI166
Examples of time connectives are: before, after, next, just then, shortly,
afterwards, last, eventually, &#6684777;rstly, secondly, and thirdly.
Example
So, how does one build a sensible nutrition plan then?
The sentence contains a time connective then.
Write three sentences using time connectives.
Answer:
1. ________________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________________
Activity 4
Read the text.
Why is Internet Safety Important?
Internet safety is the practice of following actionable guidelines,
understanding modern technology, and protecting your digital
devices so you can defend against the malicious parts of the online
world. There are some reasons why internet safety is important.
First, most people do not want pornography on their computer,
Pornography is available on many sites and sometimes masquerades
on websites that sound like popular websites. Keeping pornography
out is a primary reason for safety precautions.
Second, predators prey on young children, luring them into
dangerous situations, often over Internet chat rooms predators will
disguise themselves as other kids and lure kids into meeting them.
Third, thousands of people are either tricked by email scams
or have their information stolen resulting in signi&#6684777;cant personal
&#6684777;nancial loss.

Unit 5 | Hortatory Exposition Text167
There are some language features in a hortatory exposition text.
Find the language features from the text “Why Is Internet Safety
Important?” and answer the questions.
1. Find conjunctions used in the text.
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
2. Find modal adverbs used in the text.
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
3. Do you &#6684777;nd any abstract nouns in the text? Write two of them.
Answer: ______________________________________________
4. Find ordinal numbers used in the text.
Answer: ______________________________________________
5. Do you &#6684777;nd any evidence to support arguments in the text? What are
they?
Answer: ______________________________________________
Fourth, adware, spyware and viruses dramatically slow your
computer down. Commonly referred to as malware these programs
hide in seemingly innocent downloads.
Fifth, computer viruses can take over your computer to make
your computer a drone in doing all sorts of unlawful activity. Viruses
can come attached in emails or by clicking on a seemingly innocent
weblink.
In conclusion, internet safety is very important. Internet
safety requires you to have a &#6684777;rm comprehension of the Internet,
what’s on it, how it’s used, and how it operates. It also emphasizes
understanding the lesser-known areas of the Internet, like code,
webpage interactions, and secure connections.
Modi&#6684777;ed from https://www.aeseducation.com/computer-applications/what-is-internet-safety and https://itstillworks.com/why-
internet-safety-important-5006369.html

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI168
E. Writing
Activity 1
Pay careful attention to the direction.
Direction:
Based on your understanding and knowledge about a hortatory exposition
text that you have learnt, now please write an exposition text about digital
safety.
Your draft is here.
Tittle
Thesis
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Arguments 1
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Arguments ...
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Reiteration
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 5 | Hortatory Exposition Text169
Activity 2
Check your grammar. Make sure your presentation is indicators.
If you still &#6684777;nd mistakes, consult your teacher.
Activity 3
Swap your work with your classmate to see whether your work
readable.
Your draft is here.
Tittle
Thesis
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Arguments 1
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Arguments ...
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Reiteration
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI170
Ask your classmate and your teacher to give comments for improvement
on your writing which includes the following:
1. The structure of the draft
2. The &#6684780;ow of information
3. The elements of an exposition.
4. Linguistic features
5. The arguments and the facts or data that support the arguments
6. The grammar and mechanics, including the use of capital letters
a. Classmate comments
Your classmate comments are here:
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
b. Teacher comments
Your teacher comments are here:
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

Unit 5 | Hortatory Exposition Text171
F. Speaking
Activity 1
Practice the dialogue below with your classmate.
Anis : I think you should change your accoun’s privasy setting, Bro.
Rashid : But why?
Anis : Your account’s privacy setting is set to public, and you are
logged in.
Rashid : Why does it matter?
Anis : If you make it public, everyone can see all of your
personal information.
Rashid : So, what is the use of changing my privacy setting?
Anis : Privacy setting can make you safe online. You should not make it
public because when you upload photos or anything else, anyone
can see it.
Rashid : So, I have to change my privacy setting?
Anis : Yes. Change the setting, so that only our family and friends can
can see them.
Rashid : But I can delete things, right?
Anis : Yes, but it is very dif&#6684777;cult. Some things stay there forever.
Rashid : Oh. I see.

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI172
Activity 2
Answer the questions based on the dialogue.
1. What is the dialogue about?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
2. What does Anis advice her brother to do?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
3. What is her argument about it?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
4. How many arguments does Anis state? What are they?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
5. What do you think about Anis arguments?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________
Activity 3
Check your &#6684777;nal draft and your classmate comments before
presenting your hortatory exposition in front of your class.
Use the checklist below to see whether your &#6684777;nal draft is ready to present.
My &#6684777;nal draft
Well
done
Not
sure
Need
improvement
I connect my ideas well.
I make my thesis good.
I present my arguments in a good
way.

Unit 5 | Hortatory Exposition Text173
My &#6684777;nal draft
Well
done
Not
sure
Need
improvement
I support data and factual evidence
for my arguments.
I conclude my draft with a
recommendation.
Activity 3
Now, it’s time to present your hortatory exposition text. Don’t
forget to take notes when you get any comments on your
presentation.
G. Re&#6684780;ection
You have completed Unit 5 and it is important to re&#6684780;ect on your learning
experience. Re&#6684780;ect on your learning process and the progress that you
have made by answering the following questions.
1. On a scale from 1-5, how do you rate your understanding about
Analytical exposition text? Color in the stars.
CAN YOU?
2. Can you identify the social functions of hortatory exposition text?
3. Can you identify the text structures of hortatory exposition text?
4. Can you identify the linguistics elements of hortatory exposition text?

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI174
5. Can you write a hortatory exposition text with an appropriate
schematic structure and linguistic features?
6. Can you present orally the text that you have written in the classroom?
WHAT?
7. What have you learned from this unit?
8. What are your favourite learning activities in this unit?
9. What are your least favourite learning experiences in this unit?
10. How do the materials you have learned in this unit relate to real-world
situations and problems?
NOW WHAT?
11. What would you like to improve?
12. What do you want to learn more about?
13. In your daily life, how will you apply what you have already learned?

A. SUMMARY
In this semester, you have learned about the exposition text. There are
two kinds of the exposition text that you have learned this semester: the
analytical and hortatory exposition texts.
De&#6684777;nition
1. Analytical Exposition
An analytical exposition is a text that elaborates the writer’s idea about an
issue. The social function of analytical exposition text is to persuade the
reader or the listener that something is the case. The case is developed
into a thesis/opinion which is supported by arguments. In an analytical
exposition, a reiteration or restatement of the writer’s point of views is
used to give emphasize on the writer’s thesis/opinion.
2. Hortatory Exposition
A hortatory exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is intended
to explain to the listeners or readers that something should or should
not happen or be done. The social function of hortatory exposition is
to persuade the reader or listener that something should or should not
be done. In a hortatory exposition, a recommendation is used to give
advice or suggestion to the readers to make a choice by considering the
presented arguments.
Concluding
Section 2
KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN, KEBUDAYAAN,
RISET, DAN TEKNOLOGI REPUBLIK INDONESIA, 2021
Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut
untuk SMA Kelas XI
Penulis : Rida Afrilyasanti, Anik Muslikah Indriastuti
ISBN : 978-602-244-863-1

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI176
The strutcture
1. Analytical Exposition
The structure of an analytical exposition text is formed in three elements:
thesis, arguments, and reiteration.
2. Hortatory Exposition
The structure of an analytical exposition text is formed in three elements:
thesis, arguments, and recommendation.
The language features
1. Analytical Exposition
There are some language features in an analytical exposition text. They
are:
1. Simple Present Tense.
2. One issue (e.g. why something is important; why someone is interested
to do something).
3. Expressions to state a belief or an opinion (e.g. I believe …; i think …;
in my opinion …)
4. Conjunctions to show logical relations between arguments presented:
a. Temporal conjunctions. (e.g. First, second, third)
b. Causal conjunctions. (e.g. Because, lead to, the consequence of ...)
c. Comparative conjunctions. (e.g. However, on the other hand)
d. Conjunctions in a concluding statement. (e.g. Consequently,
therefore)
5. Modal verbs. (e.g. Start; develop)
6. Relational processes. (e.g. Be, become, seem, sound, weigh, make,
ensure)
7. Evidence and opinions from experts to support arguments and to
make the arguments powerful.
8. Ordinal number to sequence the arguments (e.g. &#6684777;rst, second, third)

Concluding Section 2177
2. Hortatory Exposition
There are some language features in a hortatory exposition text. They are:
1. Simple Present Tense.
2. Abstract nouns (e.g. belief, consideration)
3. Action verbs (e.g. talk, watch)
4. Thinking verbs.
5. Modal adverbs. (e.g.: certainly, surely)
6. Temporal connectives. (e.g.: &#6684777;rstly, secondly)
7. Evaluative words. (e.g.: important, valuable, trustworthy)
8. Passive voice.
B. ENRICHMENT
For your further reading and practice, browse on the Internet and &#6684777;nd
articles about digital safety. Use the article to write an exposition or a
hortatory text.
1. Break down the article into its structure and &#6684777;ll in the
following table.
a. Modify the article into a good analytical exposition text. Remember to
write down the name of the writer’s article
Thesis
Argument
Reiteration

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI178
b. Modify the article into a good hortatory exposition text. Remember to
write down the name of the writer’s article
Thesis
Argument
Reiteration
2. Identify the language features of the articles and
summarize it into two paragraphs. Remember to write
down the name of the writer’s article
Language features of the text entitled
Digital Safety
analytical exposition text Hortatory exposition text
C. PROJECT
Activity 1
Pay careful attention to the direction.
Direction:
1. Your teacher asks you to participate in your school’s webinar about
cyber bullying.

Concluding Section 2179
2. You are asked to make an article about cyber bullying and give
recommendation about how to deal with it.
3. Draw a mind map of your topic.
4. State your thesis, arguments, and recommendation as the structure of
a hortatory exposition.
5. Write your draft.
Your draft is here.
Cyber Bullying
Thesis
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Arguments 1
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Arguments ...
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Reiteration
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI180
Activity 2
Check your grammar, the cohesion, and the coherence of the
presentation of the idea and correct it if you still &#6684777;nd some errors.
Your draft is here.
Cyber Bullying
Thesis
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Arguments 1
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Arguments ...
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Reiteration
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

Concluding Section 2181
D. FORMATIVE TEST
Part 1 Listening and Speaking
The Listening transcript is provided in the Teacher’s Book
In this part of the test, you will hear a monologue. The texts and questions
will be spoken twice. They will not be printed in your book, so you must
listen carefully to understand what the speakers are saying. There are
7 (seven) questions in this part. For each question, choose the correct
answer A, B, C, D, or E.
1. What is the text about?
a. climate change
b. climate exchange
c. climate chance
d. climate charge
e. climate cause
2. How many arguments are there in the article?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5
3. “It has a huge effect on our livelihoods, our health, and our future.”
The word in bold can be replaced with....
a. tiny
b. insigni&#6684777;cant
c. minor
d. enormous
e. small

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI182
4. According to the author, what is the bene&#6684777;t of understanding climate
change?
a. it helps us preparing for the history
b. it helps us knowing how human activities which release
greenhouse gases trail to climate change
c. it helps us knowing how far sea levels will decrease due to warmer
sea temperatures
d. it doesn’t help us seeing which regions are most likely to be
affected by extreme weather
e. it helps us predicting how much rain the next winter might bring
5. The thesis of the argument of the text is....
a. Climate is affected by our atmosphere, a layer of gases that
surrounds the earth.
b. Some gases trap more heat than others.
c. It has a huge effect on our livelihoods, our health, and our future.
d. The more greenhouse gases there are the warmer the earth’s
climate becomes.
e. In conclusion, it’s important that we understand how the climate
is changing, so that we can prepare for the future.
6. Look at this sentence from the text. It is presented here in two parts:
“First, studying the climate helps us predict how much rain the next
winter might bring, ...” (First part)
“...or how far sea levels will rise due to warmer sea
temperatures.” (Second part)
What is the relationship between the &#6684777;rst and second parts of the
sentence? The second part _____________

Concluding Section 2183
a. contradicts the &#6684777;rst part.
b. repeats the &#6684777;rst part.
c. illustrates the problem described in the &#6684777;rst part.
d. gives the solution to the problem described in the &#6684777;rst part.
e. adds the things described in the &#6684777;rst part
7. Make a dialogue about climate change and include arguments to
support your thesis.
You : __________________________________________________________
Yourfriend : __________________________________________________________
You : __________________________________________________________
Yourfriend : __________________________________________________________
You : __________________________________________________________
Yourfriend : __________________________________________________________
You : __________________________________________________________
Yourfriend : __________________________________________________________
You : __________________________________________________________
Yourfriend : __________________________________________________________
Part 2 Reading and Writing
Read the text and answer questions 8 - 15.
Why Financial Literacy Matters
Financial literacy is crucial for helping consumers to manage
several factors. Among them, &#6684777;nancial decision options, complexity
of savings and investment options, the changing of &#6684777;nancial
environment, persistent gap between haves and have-nots, and also
save enough to provide adequate income in retirement while avoiding

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI184
high levels of debt that might result in bankruptcy, defaults, and
foreclosures. There are some reasons why &#6684777;nancial literacy matters.
First, in its “Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households
in 2019,” the Board of Governors of the U.S. Federal Reserve System
found that many Americans are unprepared for retirement. One-
fourth indicated they have no retirement savings, and fewer than
four in 10 of those not yet retired felt that their retirement savings
are on track. Among those who have self-directed retirement savings,
nearly 60% admitted to feeling low levels of con&#6684777;dence in making
retirement decisions?
Second, low &#6684777;nancial literacy has left millennials—the largest
share of the American workforce—unprepared for a severe &#6684777;nancial
crisis, according to research by the TIAA Institute. Even among those
who report having a high knowledge of personal &#6684777;nance, only 19%
answered questions about fundamental &#6684777;nancial concepts correctly.
Forty-three percent report using expensive alternative &#6684777;nancial
services, such as payday loans and pawnshops. More than half lack
an emergency fund to cover three months’ expenses, and 37% are
&#6684777;nancially fragile (de&#6684777;ned as unable or unlikely to be able to come up
with $2,000 within a month in the event of an emergency). Millennials
also carry large amounts of student loan and mortgage debt—in fact,
44% of them say they have too much debt.
Though these may seem like individual problems, they have a
broader effect on the entire population than previously believed. All
one needs is to look at the &#6684777;nancial crisis of 2008 to see the &#6684777;nancial
impact on the entire economy that arose from a lack of understanding
of mortgage products (creating a vulnerability to predatory lending).
The conclusion from why &#6684777;nancial literacy matters is because
&#6684777;nancial literacy is an issue with broad implications for economic
health, and an improvement can help lead the way to a global
economy that is competitive and strong.
Source: https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/why-&#6684777;nancial-literacy-and-education-so-important.asp

Concluding Section 2185
8. What is the text about?
a. &#6684777;nancial literacy
b. critical literacy
c. cultural literacy
d. information literacy
e. scienti&#6684777;c literacy
9. According to the author, how prepared are Americans for their
retirementt?
a. few Americans are unprepared for retirement
b. One-fourth indicated they have no retirement savings
c. Fewer than four in 7 of those not yet retired felt that their
retirement savings are on track
d. Nearly 40% admitted to feeling low levels of con&#6684777;dence in making
retirement decisions
e. many Americans are prepared for retirement
10. How do American millenial’s view &#6684777;nancial literacy?
a. Among those who report having a high knowledge of personal
&#6684777;nance, 89% answered questions about fundamental &#6684777;nancial
concepts correctly
b. More than half lack an emergency fund to cover three months’
expenses
c. Fifty-three percent report using expensive alternative &#6684777;nancial
services, such as payday loans and pawnshops
d. 47% are &#6684777;nancially fragile (de&#6684777;ned as unable or unlikely to be
able to come up with $2,000 within a month in the event of an
emergency)
e. Low &#6684777;nancial literacy has left millennial unprepared for a severe
&#6684777;nancial crisis

Bahasa Inggris Tingkat Lanjut untuk SMA Kelas XI186
11. How many millenials are in debt?
a. 34%
b. 44%
c. 43%
d. 33%
e. 54%
12. In the right column, write T for correct, and F for incorrect statements.
Statement T/F
a. Many Americans are unprepared for retirement.
b. 60% Americans admitted to feeling low levels of con&#6684777;dence
in making retirement decisions.
c. 43% Americans report using expensive alternative &#6684777;nancial
services, such as payday loans and pawnshops.
d. 37% Americans are &#6684777;nancially fragile.
e. 44% Americans millenials say they have too much debt.
13. What type of exposition is the text above?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Concluding Section 2187
14. “All one needs is to look at the &#6684777;nancial crisis of 2008 to see the &#6684777;nancial
impact on the entire economy that arose from a lack of understanding
of mortgage products (creating a vulnerability to predatory lending).”
What does the sentence mean?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
15. Write a short paragraph about &#6684777;nancial literacy. Use one type of
exposition text you think the most appropriate. Your paragraph must
consist of 250-300 words.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

188
Glossary
Additionally: to concur in (something, such as an opinion).
Agree: have the same opinion
Alienate: to cause to be withdrawn or detached, as from one’s society.
Alliance: a group or association that is formed for mutual bene&#6684777;t.
Animalism: behaviors that characterize animals.
Argument: a disagreement, or the process of disagreeing.
As: (preposition) used to describe the purpose or quality of someone or
something.
Ash: the powdery residue left after the burning of a substance.
Associate: connect someone or something in your mind with someone or
something else
Bandwagon: an activity, group, movement, etc., that has become successful or
fashionable and so attracts many new people.
Believe: to accept the word or evidence of.
Bewitched: put a magic spell on someone or something in order to control him/
her/it.
Blasting: causing injury, especially affecting with sudden violence or ruin.
Booster: an auxiliary device for increasing force, power, pressure, or effectiveness.
Chanted: said or shouted repeatedly in a singsong tone.
Characterization: a description or the distinctive nature or feature (it can be
physical, emotional, mental and social qualities) of someone or something
to distinguish one individual from another.
Climax: the peak point of the problem or the highest point of tension in the story.
Common: the same in a lot of places or for a lot of people.
Complication: struggles or problems faced by the characters.
Composition: the parts, substances, etc. that something is made of.
Confronted: faced up to and dealt with.
Converted: having changed in form or character, or been made suitable for a
different use.

189
Convinced: caused someone to believe &#6684777;rmly or persuade someone to do
something.
Cunning: being clever at planning something so they can get what they want,
especially by tricking other people.
Curse: a solemn utterance intended to invoke a supernatural power to in&#6684780;ict
punishment or harm on someone.
Deceit: the act of causing someone to accept as true or valid what is false or
invalid.
Deploy: the use something or someone, especially in an effective way.
Despite: without taking any notice of or being in&#6684780;uenced by.
Disease: illness of people, animals, plants, etc., caused by infection or a failure or
health rather than by an accident.
Ef&#6684777;cacy: the ability, especially of a medicine or a method of achieving something,
to produce the intended result.
Ef&#6684777;ciently: working or operating in an organized, quick, and effective way.
Encourage: to make someone more likely to do something, or to make something
more likely to happen.
Energy: ability to be active: the physical or mental strength that allows you to
do things.
Equal: being the same in quantity, degree, size, or value.
Evolution: the way in which living things change and develop over millions of
years.
Excessively: in a way that is too much.
Faun: a &#6684777;ctional creature that looks like a small man with a goat’s back legs, a
tail, ears, and horns.
First: coming before all others in order, time, amount, quality, or importance.
Fortune: chance or luck.
Gallant: courteously and elaborately attentive.
Germ: a very small organism that causes disease.
Gift: a natural ability or talent.
Holy: sacred or dedicated to God or a religious purpose.
However: despite whatever amount or degree.
Identity: the fact of being who or what a person or thing is.
Immunode&#6684777;ciency: a condition in which a body is unable to produce enough
antibodies to &#6684777;ght bacteria and viruses, often resulting in infection and
disease.

190
Incidence: an event, or the rate at which something happens
Inheritance: something that someone gives when they die.
Issues: something that people are talking about, thinking about, etc. : an
important subject or topic.
Leadership: actions of leading a group.
Meadow: a cultivated land.
Midst: in the middle of a group of people or things.
Mill: a building equipped with machinery for grinding grain into &#6684780;our.
Mistake: a wrong action or statement proceeding from faulty judgment,
inadequate knowledge, or inattention.
Moral: the lesson that story teaches to the readers.
Noble: honorable or belonging to a high rank in a society
Ogre: a large frightening character who feeds on human beings.
Orientation: introduction of the characters, setting and directions of the story.
Overjoyed: extremely happy.
Partridge: a bird with a round body and a short tail that is sometimes hunted for
food or for sport.
Plot: the sequence of events that make up a story.
Privilege: a special right or advantage granted or given only to a particular
person or group.
Proponents: persons who speak publicly in support of a particular idea or plan
of action.
Reaping: cutting or gathering a crop or harvest.
Reason: a statement or fact that explains why something is the way it is, why
someone does, thinks, or says something, or why someone behaves a certain
way.
Reiteration: the act of saying something again, once, or several times.
Resolution: the end of the story.
Rogues: a dishonest or bad man.
Sago: edible starch obtained from a particular tree growing in freshwater
swamps in Southeast Asia.
Scapegoat: someone who is blamed for the wrongdoings or faults of others.
Second: immediately after the &#6684777;rst and before any others.
Serpent: a large snake

191
Setting: the time and place when or where the story takes place.
Severe: very serious
Shaman: a person who has special powers to control the spirits and discover as
well as treatment for illness.
Shattered: put a magic spell on someone or something in order to control him/
her/it.
Signi&#6684777;cant: large enough to be noticed or have an effect.
Similarly: in a similar way.
Speculation: assumption, a guessing or prediction.
State: to express in words.
Stately: having style and appearance that causes admiration.
Strain: a force or in&#6684780;uence that stretches, pulls, or puts pressure on something
sometimes causing damage.
Substantial: large in size, value or importance.
Suggest: to offer for consideration or as a hypothesis.
Thesis: the main idea, opinion, or theory of a person, group, piece of writing, or
speech.
Tifa: a traditional wooden tubular-shaped musical instrument that is originated
from Maluku and Papua.
Treason: the crime of assisting your country’s enemies or seeking to overthrow
the government illegally.
Turkish delight: a soft sweet that is usually cut into squares and dusted with
powdered sugar.
Tyranny: cruel and unfair treatment by those with a power over the others.
Vigor: strength, energy, or enthusiasm.
Warren: an interconnecting underground passages and holes in which rabbits
live (rabbit burrows).
Well-built: having large and strong body.
While: during the time that, or at the same time as.
Windmill: a construction with vanes that turns in the wind and generate power
to grind grain into &#6684780;our.
Worship: show a strong feeling and adoration for God

192
References
Anderson, M., & Anderson, K. (2003). Text Types in English. South Yarra:
Macmillan Education Australia PTY LTD.
Azar, B.S. & Azar, D. A. (1999). Fundamentals of English Grammar, Second Edition.
New Jersey: Prentice Hall Regents.
Azar, B. S. (2002). Understanding and Using English Grammar, Third Edition with
Answer Key. New York: Pearson Education.
Emilia, E., & Christie, F. (2013). Factual genres. Bandung: Rizqi Press.
Emilia, E., (2016). Pendekatan Berbasis Teks dalam Pengajaran Bahasa Inggris.
Bandung: Kiblat Buku Utama
Emilia, E., Hatta, S.M., Yusuf, D. (2018) Modul Latsar CPNS. Jakarta: Pusdiklat
Kemdikbud.
Haynes, J. & Debbie, Z. (2010). Teaching English Language Learners across the
Content Areas. Danvers: ASDC.
Murphy, R. (2011). English Grammar in Use. New York: Cambridge University
Press.
Internet sources for the Vocabulary Items and Texts:
Active health. (n.d.). What is good nutrition and why is it important? https://
www.activehealth.sg/read/nutrition/what-is-good-nutrition-and-why-is-
it-important
Amon, L. (n.d.) Why is internet safety important? https://itstillworks.com/why-
internet-safety-important-5006369.html
Applied educational system. (n.d.). What is internet safety and why is it important
to teach? https://www.aeseducation.com/computer-applications/what-is-
internet-safety
ASEAN. (2020). Indonesian folklore, the story of the crying stone. https://
indonesiar.com/indonesian-folklore-the-story-of-the-crying-stone/
Cambridge Dictionary. (n.d). https://dictionary.cambridge.org/

193
Collins. (n.d.). https://www.collinsdictionary.com/
Daf&#6684777;. R. (2010). The legend of the holy stone. http://ceritarakyatnusantara.
com/en/folklore/59-the-legend-of-the-holy-stone
Dian, K. (2018). Legenda ular N’daung. https://opac.perpusnas.go.id/DetailOpac.
aspx?id=1169895
Excelsior online writing lab. (n.d.). Argumentative Presentations. https://
owl.excelsior.edu/argument-and-critical-thinking/argument-and-digital-
writing/argument-and-digital-writing-argumentative-presentations/
Hale, S. (2003). The Goose girl. https://www.msbkwt.com/images/
Files_2020_21/Library/Pdfs/The_Goose_Girl.pdf
Lewis, C.S. (1950). The lion, the witch, and the wardrobe. http://www.samizdat.
qc.ca/arts/lit/PDFs/LionWitchWardrobe_CSL.pdf
Merriam Webster. (n.d.). https://www.merriam-webster.com/
National center for atmospheric science. (n.d.). Why is climate important.
https://ncas.ac.uk/learn/why-is-climate-important/#:~:text=It’s%20
important%20that%20we%20understand,due%20to%20warmer%20
sea%20temperatures
Nikolov, S. (n.d.). The legend of the black sea. https://www.shortkidstories.com/
story/legend-black-sea/
Orwell, G. (1945). Animal farm. https://www.globalgreyebooks.com/animal-
farm-ebook.html
Oxford house language courses. (2020). What are the 4 present tenses in English-
and how do you use them? https://oxfordhousebcn.com/en/what-are-the-
4-present-tenses-in-english-and-how-do-you-use-them/
Sarah, S. (2021). 5 bene&#6684777;ts of getting a covid-19 vaccine. https://corona.jakarta.
go.id/en/artikel/5-manfaat-vaksinasi-covid-19-yang-wajib-diketahui
Storynory. (n.d). Puss in boots. https://www.storynory.com/puss-in-boots/
TemplateLAB. (n.d). 50 freepersuasive essay examples (+Best topics). https://
templatelab.com/persuasive-essay/#google_vignette
UN Environment Program. (2021). Six reasons why a healthy environment
should be a human right. https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/
six-reasons-why-healthy-environment-should-be-human-right
Zucchi, K. (2021). Why &#6684777;nancial literacy is so important? https://www.
investopedia.com/articles/investing/100615/why-&#6684777;nancial-literacy-and-
education-so-important.asp

194
Index
A
Animal Farm 83, 85, 87, 90, 91,
104, 111, 112, 116
B
Bawang Merah and Bawang Putih
111, 112, 116
Bene&#6684777;ts of Getting a Covid-19
Vaccine 120, 126, 128
E
Explanation 80, 81, 158
Exposition Texts xii, 117, 119, 148,
147, 149, 175
Hortatory exposition texts 119,
149
F
Fact or Opinion 129
Fairy tale 41, 42, 44, 45, 50, 53, 54,
65, 75, 101
Fantasy xii, 71, 82, 101
G
Grammar Focus 1, 24, 40, 53, 82,
159, 160
Abstract Nouns 167
Action Verbs 1, 24, 40, 53, 82, 159,
160
Action Verbs & Past Tense 24
Adjective Clauses 90, 104
Adverb 44, 63, 74, 101, 103, 163
Adverb of time, place and manner
63, 103
Internal Conjunction 138
Noun Phrases 44, 62, 74
Relational Processes 139
Reported Speech 92, 104
Sequence words 26, 44, 74, 101,
103
Simple present tense xii, 136
Temporal Connectives 165
L
Language Features in A Hortatory
Exposition Text 156, 167, 177
Language Features in An Analytical
Exposition Text 127, 176
Legend 1, 5, 9, 13, 14, 17, 19, 24,
25, 27, 28, 29, 37, 38, 101

195
P
Puss in Boots 53, 55, 56, 58, 59,
60, 61, 63, 65
R
Reasons Why a Healthy
Environment should be a
Human Right 132
Roles in Drama Performance 98,
106, 108
S
STEAL Steps 22
Structure of a Hortatory Exposition
Text 149, 156
Structure of an Analytical
Exposition Text 119, 126, 176
Students Should be Allowed to Use
Mobile Technologies in Class
151, 156, 157
Summary of Analytical Exposition
vii, 117, 175, 176
Summary of Hortatory Exposition
vii, 147, 175, 176, 177
T
The Goose Girl 42, 44, 47, 49, 50,
51, 52, 53
The Legend of N’daung Snake 17,
19, 24
The Legend of the Holy Stone 5
The Lion, the Witch, and the
Wardrobe 73, 80, 92, 94
The Structure of Story Organization
89
V
Vocabulary Items of The Legend of
N’daung Snake 16
Vocabulary Items of The Lion, the
witch and the Wardrobe 72
Vocabulary Items of Animal Farm
84
Vocabulary Items of Bene&#6684777;ts of
Getting a Covid-19 Vaccine
119
Vocabulary Items of Puss in Boots
54
Vocabulary Items of The Goose
Girl 43, 54
Vocabulary Items of The Legend of
the Holy Stone 4, 16, 43, 54
W
What is good nutrition and why is
it important? 162, 192
Why Financial Literacy Matters
183
Why is Internet Safety Important?
166

196
Nama Lengkap : Rida Afrilyasanti, M.Pd
Email : [email protected]
Akun Facebook : Rida Afrilyasanti
Alamat Instansi : Jl. Raya Tlogowaru No. 66 Malang
Bidang Keahlian : Pengajaran Bahasa Inggris
Riwayat Pekerjaan (10 tahun terakhir):
1. 2018 - sekarang : Guru Bahasa Inggris di SMA Negeri Taruna Nala Jawa Timur
2. 2010 - 2018 : Guru Bahasa Inggris di SMA Negeri 8 Malang
3. 2009 - 2010 : Guru Bahasa Inggris di SMP Laboratorium Universitas
Negeri Malang
Riwayat Pendidikan Tinggi dan Tahun Belajar:
1. Non Gelar: Humboldt State University (HSU), California, U.S.A. (Under
Graduate Student Exchange Program), (Jul – Dec 2008)
2. Non Gelar: Postgradate Enrichment program in English Language
Education, SEAMEO Regional Language Center, Singapore, (May 2016)
3. S2: Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Universitas Negeri Malang (2014 – 2016)
4. S1: Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Universitas Negeri Malang (2005 – 2009)
Judul Buku, Modul, dan Karya Ilmiah (10 Tahun Terakhir):
1. Fokus AKM SMA (2021)
2. Buku Teks Bahasa Inggris Peminatan Bahasa Inggris kelas X (2019)
3. Buku Teks Masa Depan Bahasa Inggris kelas VII (2018)
4. Let’s Learn English with Merah Puti Emas (2018)
5. Digital Storytelling as an Alternative Learning Media for EFL Learners (2011)
6. English for Pre-Intermediate Science (2011)
Judul Penelitian (10 Tahun Terakhir)
1. A Case Study on Nonverbal Communication in EFL Classes in Indonesian
Context. 2020. Humanising Language Teaching 22(4)
2. Trimming the Digital Storytelling Instructions by Flipping the Classroom:
A Response to Pedagogical Challenges in Implementing Digital Storytelling
for Language Learning. 2020. Peter Lang Publishing.
3. Migrating from P to E: Introducing E-Portfolios across Paper-Dominated
Tasks to Fuel Higher Order Thinking. 2018. SEAMEO QITEP in Language
Research Grants.
4. Indonesian EFL Students’ Perceptions on the Implementation of Flipped
Classroom Model. 2017. Journal of Language Teaching and Research. Vol.
8(3), pp. 476-484.
5. Effect of Flipped Classroom Model on Indonesian EFL Students’ Writing
Ability across and Individual Differences in Learning. 2016. International
Journal of English Language and Linguistics Research. Vol. 4(5), pp. 65-81.
Pro&#6684777;l Penulis

197
Nama Lengkap : Anik Muslikah I., S.Pd, M.Hum
Email : [email protected]
Alamat Instansi : Jalan Ir. Sutami 36 A, Kentingan,
Surakarta
Bidang Keahlian : Bahasa Inggris, Lingustik
Riwayat Pekerjaan (10 tahun terakhir):
1. Guru Bahasa Inggris SMK N 1 Mondokan Sragen Tahun 2004—2010
2. Instruktur Bahasa Inggris bagi Guru SLB Negeri I Sragen Tahun 2008—
2010
3. Dosen Bahasa Inggris UT UPBJJ Surakarta Tahun 2008—2011
4. PNS di Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa Jakarta Tahun
2011—2017
5. Instruktur Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing (BIPA) di Kedutaan
Besar Serbia Jakarta Tahun 2011
6. Instruktur Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing (BIPA) di Kedutaan
Besar India Jakarta Tahun 2012—2013
7. Instruktur Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing (BIPA) di Kedutaan
Besar Pakistan Jakarta Tahun 2012—2013
8. Dosen Bahasa Indonesia Universitas Trisakti Jakarta Tahun 2012—2014
9. Instruktur Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing (BIPA) di Kedutaan
Besar India Jakarta Tahun 2016
10. PNS di UNS Tahun 2017—sekarang
Riwayat Pendidikan Tinggi dan Tahun Belajar:
1. UNNES Semarang (Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris 1997—2001)
2. UNS Surakarta (Linguistik Penerjemahan 2005—2007)
Judul Buku, Modul, dan Karya Ilmiah (10 Tahun Terakhir):
1. Buku Bahasa Indonesia SMA/MA/SMK kelas X pendamping kebijakan
kurikulum 2013 Kemdikbud (2013)
2. Buku Bahasa Indonesia SMA/MA/SMK kelas XI pendamping kebijakan
kurikulum 2013 Kemdikbud (2014)
3. Buku Bahasa Indonesia SMA/MA/SMK kelas XII pendamping kebijakan
kurikulum 2013 Kemdikbud (2015)
4. Buku umum “Basic English Grammar” (2018)
5. Buku umum “English Conversation for Beginners” (2018)
6. Buku Bahasa Inggris Peminatan SMA/MA kelas X (2019)
7. Point to Point Bahasa Inggris untuk SMK kelas X (2021)
8. Point to Point Bahasa Inggris untuk SMK kelas XI (2021)
9. Point to Point Bahasa Inggris untuk SMK kelas XII (2021)
10. Fokus AKM SMA (2021)
Pro&#6684777;l Penulis

198
Pro&#6684777;l Penelaah
Nama Lengkap : Prof. Emi Emilia, M.Ed., Ph.D
Email : [email protected]
[email protected]
Instansi : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Alamat Instansi : Jalan Dr. Setiabudhi No. 229 Bandung
Bidang Keahlian : Pendidikan bahasa dan literasi (dalam
konteks bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing)
Riwayat Pekerjaan (10 tahun terakhir):
1. Dosen Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris UPI (1989-sekarang)
2. Kepala Pusat Pengembangan Strategi dan Diplomasi Kebahasaan
(Kemdikbud) (2015-2019).
3. Ketua Prodi pendidikan bahasa Inggris terintegrasi (S1, S2, S3), UPI
(2011-2015)
4. Ketua Prodi pendidikan Bahasa Inggris S1 UPI (Agustus 2021-sekarang)
Riwayat Pendidikan Tinggi dan Tahun Belajar:
1. Sarjana Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris (1985-1989)
2. Graduate Diploma of Arts in Translating and Interpteing (Deakin
University, Australia1992).
3. Master of Education in language and literacy education (1995-1996,
Deakin University, Australia).
4. Ph.D in language and literacy education (University of Melbourne, 2002-
2005).
5. Postdoctoral study in language and literacy education (Australia, di
Australian Catholic University, 2007)
6. Postdoctoral study in language and literacy education (Sydney University,
Nov 2009-Feb 2010)
Judul Buku, Modul, dan Karya Ilmiah (10 Tahun Terakhir):
1. Pendekatan genre-based dalam pengajaran bahasa Inggris (Rizqy Press,
2011);
2. Teaching academic writing: A critical genre-based approach in an EFL
context (Lambert, 2011);
3. Factual genres. Learning to read, to write, and to talk about factual
information (dengan Frances Christie, Sydney University) (Rizqy Press,
2013);
4. Introducing functional grammar (Pustaka Jaya, 2014);
5. Pengajaran berbasis teks (aplikasi, pengembang Nilem Studio) (2018)
6. https://play.google.com/console/u/0/
developers/7474330657091419796/app-list?pli=1.

199
Nama Lengkap : Windy Hastasasi
Email : [email protected] /
[email protected]
Instansi : Sekolah Cikal Cilandak
Alamat Instansi : Jl. TB Simatupang Kav 18,
Cilandak, Jakarta Selatan 12430
Bidang Keahlian : Bahasa Inggris
Riwayat Pekerjaan (10 tahun terakhir):
1. 2011-sekarang: Sekolah Cikal Cilandak (posisi saat ini: Kepala Sekolah)
2. 2008-2011: BINUS School Simprug (posisi terakhir: Associate Teacher)
Riwayat Pendidikan Tinggi dan Tahun Belajar:
1. 2009-2012 Universitas Pelita Harapan S2 Manajemen Pendidikan
2. 1999-2003 Universitas Katolik Atma Jaya S1 FKIP Bahasa Inggris
Judul Buku, Modul, dan Karya Ilmiah (10 Tahun Terakhir):
1. Fun Learning: Aktivitas Cerdas 5 in 1, Nama pena: Anindya Gayatri, Wahyu
Media (6 Juni 2017)
2. Kinder School: Belajar Menulis Huruf & Kosakata, Nama pena: Anindya
Gayatri, Wahyu Media (2015)
3. Kreatif Bahasa Inggris SD/MI, Tim Tunas Karya Guru, Penerbit Duta
(2014)
Judul Penelitian dan Tahun Terbit (10 Tahun Terakhir):
1. “Hubungan Antara Budaya Organisasi dan Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah
dengan Kepuasan Kerja Guru di Sekolah Dasar Cikal Jakarta Selatan”, 2012
Pro&#6684777;l Penelaah

200
Nama Lengkap : Yulianto
Email : [email protected]
IG : yolyulianto
Alamat Instansi : Taman Rembrandt
Blok R.04 No.88
Citra Raya Tangerang
Bidang Keahlian : Ilustrasi
Riwayat Pekerjaan (10 tahun terakhir):
1. Ilustrator Majalah Anak Ina, tahun 1998-2000
2. Ilustrator Majalah Ori-Kompas Gramedia, tahun 2001-2010
3. Ilustrator Majalah Superkids Junior, tahun 2011-2014
4. Ilustrator Freelance, tahun 2015-sekarang
Riwayat Pendidikan Tinggi dan Tahun Belajar:
1. SD Negeri Panggung 1 Semarang tahun belajar 1979-1985
2. SMP Negeri 3 Semarang tahun belajar 1985-1988
3. SMA Negeri 1 Semarang tahun belajar 1988-1991
4. FT Arsitektur Undip Semarang tahun belajar 1991-1996
Judul Buku dan Tahun Terbit (10 Tahun Terakhir):
1. Rumah Ajaib, Penerbit Elaxmedia Komputindo, tahun 2009
2. Karnaval Loli, Penerbit Elaxmedia Komputindo, tahun 2009
3. Seri Buku Stiker Kolase, Penerbit Bhuana Ilmu Populer, tahun 2010
4. Cerita Rakyat Nusantara. Penerbit Bhuana Ilmu Populer, tahun 2012
5. Siri Cerita Berirama, Penerbit PTS Malaysia, tahun 2016
6. Seri Komilag, Direktorat PAUD dan Dikmas, tahun 2016-2017
7. Seri Aku Anak Cerdas, Penerbit Bhuana Ilmu Populer, tahun 2018
8. Seri 60 Aktivitas Anak, Penerbit Bhuana Ilmu Populer, tahun 2019
9. Seri Tangguh Bencana, Direktorat PAUD dan Dikmas, tahun 2019
Penghargaan:
1. Juara Pertama Lomba Komik Departemen Agama tahun 2004
2. Juara Pertama Lomba Maskot Pilkada Kab. Pidie Jaya tahun 2017
3. Juara Pertama Lomba Maskot Pilkada Kab. Mamasa tahun 2017
4. Lima karya terbaik Lomba Maskot Germas tahun 2018
5. Juara Pertama Lomba Maskot Pilkada Kota Bitung tahun 2019
6. Juara Pertama Lomba Maskot Pilkada Kota Manado tahun 2019
Pro&#6684777;l Ilustrator

201
Nama Lengkap : Dr. Raden Safrina, M.A.
Email : [email protected]
Instansi : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Alamat Instansi : Jalan Setiabudhi 229 Bandung 40159
Bidang Keahlian : Susastra – Sastra Anak dan Remaja
Riwayat Pekerjaan/Profesi (10 tahun terakhir):
1. Kepala Balai Bahasa UPI (Sekarang-2019)
2. Ketua Departemen Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris (2017-2013)
3. Ketua Pusat Kajian Wanita dan Anak UPI (2011-2015)
4. Ketua Prodi Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris UPI (2009-2011)
5. Ketua Pusat Kajian Australia.
Riwayat Pendidikan dan Tahun Belajar:
1. S3 – Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Indonesia (2005)
2. S2 – School of English and Linguistics, Macquarie University (1994)
3. S1 – Fakultas Keguruan Sastra dan Seni (1986)
Judul Buku dan Tahun Terbit (10 Tahun Terakhir):
1. Sahabatku Indonesia: Tingkat C2 Safrina Noorman & Nurul Maria Jakarta:
Pusat Pengembangan Strategi dan Diplomasi, 2016
2. Kajian Sastra Remaja Lupus: Remaja jakarta di posisi antara – Kiblat Buku
Utama 2011
Judul Penelitian dan Tahun Terbit (10 Tahun Terakhir):
1. Doing Feminist Action Research for Disrupting Traditional Gender
Discourses in Kindergartens in Indonesia – 2021
2. Representations of Disney Princesses in Indonesian books for children –
2020
3. Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Pendidikan Anak Usia
4. Dini (Paud) Yang Sensitive Gender -2017
Pro&#6684777;l Penyunting

202
Nama Lengkap : Made Ayu Utami Chandra D, S.S.
Email : [email protected]
Bidang Keahlian : Penyunting
Riwayat Pekerjaan (10 tahun terakhir):
1. Freelance Editor
Riwayat Pendidikan Tinggi dan Tahun Belajar:
1. S1 Sastra Inggris Universitas Negeri Jakarta (Lulus Tahun 2018)
Judul Buku dan Tahun Terbit (10 Tahun Terakhir):
1. Buku Siswa dan Guru Bahasa Inggris SMA Kelas XI Tingkat Lanjut (Pusbuk,
Kemendikbud 2021)
Pro&#6684777;l Penyunting
Nama Lengkap : Kiata Alma Setra
Email : [email protected]
Instansi : APBI (Asosiasi Perancang
Buku Indonesia)
Alamat Instansi : Jl. Semangka 2 No. 343
Pancoran Mas, Depok 16432
Bidang Keahlian : Penatan Letak (Desainer),
Penulis Konten, Spesialis Sosial Media.
Riwayat Pekerjaan (10 tahun terakhir):
1. (2015-Sekarang) Penata Letak (Desainer)
2. (2017-Sekarang) Penulis Konten dan Spesialis Sosial Media
Riwayat Pendidikan Tinggi dan Tahun Belajar:
1. D3 : Jurusan Penerbitan - Politeknik Negeri Media Kreatif Jakarta
(Polimedia)
Buku yang Pernah di Buat Ilustrasi / Desain dan Tahun Terbit (10 Tahun
Terakhir):
1. Berbagai Buku Panduan Guru dan Buku Teks Pelajaran di Pusat Kurikulum
dan Perbukuan (2015-sekarang)
2. Berbagai Buku ajar di Polimedia Publishing (2014-2016)
Pro&#6684777;l Penata Letak (Desainer)